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D. Bibliographies and Reviews of Scholarship

Da. Bibliographies

The best bibliographical materials are to be found in the prefaces and articles written by editors of BL's works: Zannoni (C.19), Chabaille (C.39), Wiese (C.46, C.55), Maggini (C.57, C.77), Carmody (C.63), Petronio (C.65), Segre (C.70), Pozzi/Contini (C.73). Also in Salvini (BgIII), Bertoni (E), Scherillo (E), Ceva (E), Kay (LbIV), Mattalía, pp. 41-45 (E), Davidsohn (F), Becker (F), Skinner (F), Colish on Cicero (F), Jauss (G), Biagi (LbI), pp. 61-72, Singleton (LbIIIB). Especially important is the bibliography Francesco Mazzoni appends to his article on BL in the Enciclopedia dantesca, III.587-88 (E). See also Mansell, National Union Catalogue, Pre-1965 Imprints, 317; The Year's Work in Modern Language Studies; Modern Language Association Bibliography (the last two are annual publications). Major BL bibliographies are:

Da.1. °Bolton Holloway, Julia. Brunetto Latini: An Analytic Bibliography. London: Grant and Cutler, 1986. Research Bibliographies and Checklists. Eds. A.D. Deyermond, J.R. Little and J.E. Varey.

     Da.1.Rev. Shepard, Laurie A. Speculum 65 (1995), 700-701.

Da.6. Neri, Ferdinando. Gli studi franco-italiani nel primo quarto del secolo XX. Roma: Leonardo, 1928. Guide Bibliografiche.
Important entries on BL and also Roman de la Rose in Italian literature, pp. 37-44.

Da.7. Quaglio, Antonio. 'Retorica, prosa e narrativa del Duecento'. In Il Duecento dalle origini a Dante. Bari: Laterza, 1970. La Letteratura italiana, storia e testi. Pp. 407-28, esp. 427-28.
This bibliography is preceded by excellent discussion on BL and other figures associated with him, pp. 257-406.

Da.8. Società Dantesca Italiana. Search 'Brunetto Latini' at http://notes.leonet.it/sdi/bibliografia.nsf/frasetSEARCH

Da.9. °Testa, Emmanuele. 'Bibliografiche essenziali critiche: BL 1220?-1294'. Rivista di Sintesi Letteraria 3 (1938), 79-93.
Excellent bibliography, divided into I. Bibliography, II. Editions, III. Critical Studies on BL's Life and Work, IV. Latini and Dante, Inf. XV.

Da.10. Venturi, Iolanda. 'L'iconografia letteraria di BL'. Studi medievali, 3 ser. 38:2 (1997), 499-
Excellent analytical bibliography on BL, encyclopedism and rhetoric.

Db. Reviews of Scholarship

These are mainly carried out in editions and in other studies, e.g. Chabaille (C.39), Gaiter (C.44), Maggini (C.55), Carmody (C.63), Bolton Holloway (C.85, E), Testa (Da), Ceva (E), Mazzoni (E), Scherillo (E), Sundby (E). Work on Li Livres dou Tresor and consists in the main of editions and of source and influence studies; these cover the scholarship as part of their main argument. For Il tesoro, La rettorica, see section F. For critical reviews of work on Latini and Dante, see Gaspary (LbI.3.Rev), and most items in LbIIIB and LbIV. German scholars have carried on an interesting debate concerning BL's poetry for a century.

Db.1. Gaspary, Adolfo. Storia della letteratura italiana. Trans. from the German by Nicola Zingarelli. Torino: Loescher, 1887. I, pp. 169,72.
Dislikes BL's erudition in his poetry.

Db.2. °Giola, Marco. 'Notizie dai convegni: A scuola con ser Brunetto. Indagini sulla ricezione di Brunetto Latini dal medioevo al rinascimento. In der Schule mit ser Brunetto. Untersuchungen zur Rezeption von Brunetto Latini vom Mittelalter bis zur Renaissance. Basle, 8-10 giugno 2006.' Testo: Studi di theoria e storia della letteratura e della critica 52 NS 27 (2006), 165-67.

Db.3. °Jauss, Hans Robert. 'The Alterity and Modernity of Medieval Literature'. New Literary History 10 (1979), 173-92, esp. 185-86.
See also G. Argues forcefully for inclusion of BL and Tesoretto in the literary canon. An important modern article, countering the positivist approach of Gaspary and Vossler.

Db.4. °A scuola con Ser Brunetto: Indagini sulla ricezione di Brunetto Latini dal Medioevo al Rinascimento. Atti del Convegno Internazionale di Studi, Università di Basilea, 8-10 giugno 2006. A cura di Irene Maffia Scariati. Firenze: SISMEL Edizioni del Galluzzo e Fondazione Ezio Franceschini, 2008.
A summit meeting of Brunetto Latini scholars, producing valuable papers and cutting edge research.

    Db4.Rev. °Giola, Marco. Testo: Studi di Teoria e storia della letteratura e della critica 52 (2006), 165-7.

Db.5. Vossler, Karl. Medieval Culture: An Introduction to Dante and His Times. Trans. from the German by William C. Lawton. New York: Ungar, 1958.
Vossler, like Gaspary, despises BL's use of allegory.

E. General Studies

General studies of BL are usually given as prefaces to editions, for instance, Zannoni (B ), Chabaille (B ), Maggini (B ), Carmody (B ), Bolton Holloway (B ). They are also to be found in anthologies containing his work. See also Wieruszowski (C.71), Apollonio (F).

E.1. Barlow, Henry Clark. Critical, Historical and Philosophical Contributions to the Study of the 'DC'. London: Williams & Norgate, 1864.
BL chapter, pp. 423-29. States, p. 424, that Pataffio is not BL's, interprets 'ser Brunetto e suoi' of Filippo Villani's Vita as his family joining him in exile. See N.

E.2. Bartoli, Adolfo. I primi due secoli della letteratura italiana. Milano: Vallardi, 1880.
Discusses Tesoro and Tesoretto, pp. 233-38, relating the second to Francesco da Barberino (LaII, Kf).

E.3. Bartoli, Adolfo. Storia della letteratura italiana. Firenze: Sansoni, 1878-84. 7 vols in 5.
Vol. II on poetry, III on prose; both discuss BL, mainly Tesoretto.

          E.3.Rev. Gaspary, Adolfo. ZRP 4 (1880), 390-91.

E.4. Bettinelli, Saverio. Risorgimento d'Italia negli study, nelle arti e ne' costumi dopo il Mille. A cura di Salvatore Rossi. Ravenna: Longo, 1976.
Eighteenth-century study of Italian literature (originally published 1775). Sees BL as important in Italian letters. Speaks of encyclopedism of Tresor, relationship to Peire de Corbiac, Tezaur. Believes BL wrote Pataffio. Notes that BL was master of Dante and Guido Cavalcanti.

E.5. °Bertoni, Giulio. Il Duecento: Storia letteraria d'Italia. Milano: Vallardi, 1930. 2nd. ed.
Rich bibliography on Tesoretto, pp. 313 ff. Discusses Franco-Italian culture of BL.

E.6. °Bolton Holloway, Julia. Twice-Told Tales: Brunetto Latino and Dante Alighieri. New York: Peter Lang, 1993. xiv + 552 pp. (ISBN 0-8204-1954-0. Obtainable from Aureo Anello Books)
An exhaustive study of documents in archives and manuscripts in libraries concerning BL, relating these to DA and DC.

E.6.Rev.1. °Allaire, Glora. Annali d'italianistica 15 (1997) 369-371.

E.6.Rev.2. °Najemy, John. Sp 76 (1996) 435-37.

E.6.Rev.3. °Modesto, Diana. Parergon (January 1995) 182-85.

E.7. Carducci, Giosuè. 'Intorno alle opere di BL'. Dante. Bologna: Zanichelli, 1936. Edizione nazionale delle opere di Giosuè Carducci, X. Pp. 1-36. Originally published, Primavera, 1865.
General discussion of Il mare amoroso, Favolello, Tesoretto, Rettorica, Fiore. Laments Sorio's death and thus lack of complete Tesoro edition.

*E.8. Carmody, Francis et Françoise Fery-Hue. 'Brunet Latin'. Dictionnaire des lettres françaises: le Moyen Âge. Ed. Geneviève Hasenohr et Michel Zink. Paris: Fayard, 1992. Pp. 213-5. Cited, Laurent Brun.

E.9. Cecchi, Emilio & Natalino Sapegno. Storia della lettertura italiana: 1. Le origini e il Duecento. Milano: Garzanti, 1965.
Pp. 605-15 discuss BL and Bono Giamboni. Mainly on rhetoric in BL. Authors doubt that Bono Giamboni was translator of Tesoro. MSS pages reproduced.

E.10. Ceva, Bianca. BL: l'uomo e l'opera. Milano: Ricciardi, 1956.
Though more recent than Sundby's book, does not supercede it. Inadequate use of primary documentation.

E.10.Rev.1. Sabatini, R. Rassegna della letteratura italiana 69 (1965), 650-51.

E.10.Rev.2. Toja, Gianluigi. ZPR 83 (1967), 453-55.
Both reviews noting awkward bibliography

E.11. °Elio G. Costa. 'BL Between Boethius and Dante: The Tesoretto and the Medieval Allegorical Tradition'. Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Toronto, 1974. Microfiches

E.12.  D'Ancona, Alessandro & Orazio Bacci. Manuale della letteratura italiana. Firenze: Barbèra, 1921. Pp. 86-96.
Also discusses Rustico di Filippo, Fra Guidotto, Bono Giamboni, Francesco da Barberino, Pier delle Vigne, Guido Cavalcanti, Fazio degli Uberti, with excerpts of their poetry.

E.13. °De Sanctis, Francesco. History of Italian Literature. Trans. John Redfern. New York: Basic Books, 1931. Rpt. 1959. 2 vols.
I.34, speaks of pride of Florence in BL; p. 47, known today only because Dante mentions him; p. 48, Dante and Guido Cavalcanti his students.

E.14. Dictionary of Italian Literature. Ed. Peter Rondanella & Julia Conaway Bondanella. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Press, 1979.
Brief biographical entry, pp. 76-77; notes relationship of Tesoretto and Roman de la Rose.

E.15. °Dole, Nathan Haskell. A Teacher of Dante and Other Studies in Italian Literature. New York: Moffatt, Yard, 1908.
A general study of BL in his own right rather than of his influence on DA. A charming work, filled with erudition, that saw so much further than most books written on BL since have done.

E.16. Dizionario enciclopedico della letteratura italiana. Ed. Giuseppe Petroni. Bari: Laterza, 1967.
III.337. Discusses Tesoretto, noting that BL called it Il tesoro. Gives bibliography.

E.17. °Fauriel, Edmond. 'BL, sa vie'. In Histoire littéraire de la France: ouvrage commencé par des religieux bénédictines de la congrégation de Saint-Maur et continué par des membres de l'Institut. Paris: Librairie Universitaire, 1895. XX.276-304.
An excellent general and critical study of BL's life and works. Good bibliography.

E.18. Mattalía, Daniele. 'BL'. In Letteratura italiana: I Minori. Milano: Marzorati, 1961. Orientamenti Culturali. I.27-45.
Notes similarity of figures of Virgil and BL in Inferno. Useful bibliography.

E.19. °Mazzoni, Francesco. 'BL'. Enciclopedia dantesca. Ed. Vincenzo Cappelleti, Pasquale Caloprese, Giuseppe Attilio Lombardo & Franco Lucibelli. Roma: Istituto della Encicplopedia italiana, 1970. III.579-88.

E.20. °Mazzuchelli, Giammaria. Annotazioni alle Vite d'Uomini Illustri Fiorentini di Filippo Villani. Firenze: Magheri, 1826. Pp. 122-131.
Final volume of the Croniche of Giovanni and Filippo Villani. He mentions a Tesoro MS at Cortona. See also his notes to Taddeo d'Alderotto, Francesco da Barberino.

E.21. Mezzopreti, E. 'Della vita e delle opere di BL'. Antologia Contemporanea: Giornale di Science Lettere ed Arte II (1856?), 262-84.
Fundamental to BL studies. Notes Dante, orphaned at 8, under BL's guardianship, citing Leonardo Bruni Aretino.

E.22. °Morbio, C. 'Nuovissimi studi su BL, Dante e Petrarca e sul loro soggiorni in Francia'. In ASI, 3rd ser., 17 (1873), 187-206. Rpt, Firenze, 1912.
A discussion of literary texts rather than of French sojourn, despite title.

E.23. Paris, Gaston. La Littérature française au Moyen Age. Paris: Hachette, 1890. Pp. 160-61.

*E.24. Russo, Luigi. Disegno storico della letteratura italiana. Firenze: Sansoni, 1946. I.49 ff.

E.25. °Scherillo, Michele. Alcuni capitoli della biografia di Dante. Torino: Loescher, 1896. Pp. 116-221.
An excellent early study of BL schlarship. Believes Rettorica ascription incorrect, however.

E.26. Sundby, Thor. Brunetto Latinos levnet og skrifter. Copenhagen: Jacob Lund, 1869.
Includes Icelandic version of Italian rhetorical text. Excellent account of BL's life and work. Testa (Da), p. 85, notes that this study is inspired by Chabaille's edition of Tresor (C.39).

E.27. °Sundby, Thor. Della vita e delle opere di BL. Firenze: Le Monnier, 1884. Trans. from the Danish by Rodolfo Renier, with appendices by Isidoro Del Lungo giving civic Florentine documents mentioning BL and Adolfo Mussafia on MSS of Tesoro.

E.27.Rev.1. Paris, Gaston. R 14 (1885), 313-14.

E.27.Rev.2. Zambrini, Francesco. Prop. n.s. 2:2 (1896), 462-66-
Says such an erudite foreign work makes Italians envious. Likewise reviews Mussafia (BgIII).

E.28. Tiraboschi, Girolamo. Storia della letteratura italiana. Modena: Società Tipografica, 1772-80. Vol. IV.

E.29. Wilkins, Ernest Hatch. A History of Italian Literature. Revised ed. Thomas C. Bergin. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1954; Rpt. 1974. Pp. 32-33, 46, 64.

E.30. Zingarelli, Nicola. La vita, i tempi e le opere di Dante. Milano: Vallardi, 1931. Storia Letteraria d'Italia.
Discusses letter about Tesauro to Pavia (p. 42); sources. pp. 45-47; bibliography, pp. 52-53; theme of treasure, p. 53.

F. Politics, Rhetoric, Poetics

BL believed that writing was both a political and an ethical practice; that politics, ethics and poetics were to be combined for the good of the comune, of the city, and he so combined them in his own profession for his city, his comune, of Florence, in so doing deeply influencing his colleagues and his students. See Bolton Holloway (C.85), and Twice-Told Tales (E). BL's separate Rettorica is mainly a translation of Cicero's De inventione. His Tresor and Tesoro discuss education, including rhetoric in terms of the citizen's responsibility, and then in third, final, discuss rhetoric, giving a translation of Cicero, followed by an account of how the podestà should carry out his governmental office with justice and witout corruption. The second part of the Tresor gives a translation of Aristotle's Ethics, followed by sayings of different philosophers concerning vice and virtue. Florence had no recognized university until 1349, and Arras had none. The evidence from BL MSS is that 'Maestro' BL was teaching in the setting of his notarial chambers in Arras and in the Chancery in Florence, using standard university material, Aristotle, Cicero, Ptolemy, Alfraganus, and applying these texts to the reality of government and politics in his day.

This section includes not only discussions of medieval rhetoric (see also A on MSS & B sections on editions of BL's Rettorica, Orazioni and Sommetta) but also accounts of Florentine history in BL's day, both primary and secondary, for that history was highly political. There are few references to poetics outside the accounts of rhetoric, although it is interesting that in Tesoretto (lines 411-26), BL says that he has to file his verses as if with a whetstone to adjust form to meaning; this derives from an arabo-classical topos. A useful book for understanding BL and his half-told tale, Tesoretto, is Frank Kermode, The Sense of an Ending, New York, Oxford University Press, 1967.

A glance at the manuscripts of Tesoretto (Ba) will show that several are to be found in collections of rhetorical writings. Gaiter (C.44), p. xliii, noted an Italian Tesoro MS at Verona bound with L'Etica di Aristotile volgarizzata of BL and the Fiore di Rettoric di M. Tullio of Guidotto da Bologna. However, I failed to find it there. Some of the Spanish manuscripts also reflect this combination. James R. East has translated 'Book Three of BL's Tresor . . . Its Contribution to Rhetorical Theory', for his 1960 Ph.D. dissertation (C.72). De Robertis' book on Dante's VN (LbI) is a splendid discussion of Ciceronian rhetoric in BL and DA. On p. 90 he mentions Firenze, Biblioteca Nazionale II.IV.73, Rettorica MS (Bc.2). See also Marigo (G). Cesare Segre (BgIV) has an important discussion of BL, pp. 131-32, noting that his Rettorica precedes Jean d'Antioch's of 1282. See above all Wieruszowski (C.71, on F2, Tesoro with Sommetta, BbII.19), pp. 186-89, with sections Bd, Epistolarium, Be, Sommetta, on BL's letters. Giles Constable's volume on Letters and Letter Collections, Typologie des Sources du Moyen Age Occidental 17, Turnholt, Brepols, 1976, can be of use.

On the historical materials it may be of value to look at Donald E. Queller, The Office of the Ambassador in the Middle Ages, Princeton, University Press, 1967, though he nowhere mentions BL, who was Florence's Ambassador to Alfonso el Sabio in 1260. Likewise Nicola Ottokar, Il Comune di Firenze al fine del Dugento, Firenze: Vallechi, 1926, fails to mention BL. Of value, though also not mentioining BL, is Niccolò Machiavelli, History of Florence and of the Affairs of Italy from the Earliest Times to the Death of Lorenzo the Magnificent (trans. Felix Gilbert, New York, Harper, 1960). Machiavelli writes in the tradition of Florentine historiography which was shaped by Livy, Sallust and BL. BL's work centres on his concern for the comune and its freedom, within a Ciceronian and Aristotelian context, inspired in turn by Athenian democracy and Roman republicanism. Machiavelli, Coluccio Salutati and BL were all members of the Florentine Chancery. BL, in his writings, often discusses the office of the ambassador.

For further works related to this area, see section M and also the relationship between BL and DA as master and student in the Chancery context (Lb). Isidoro Del Lungo's appendix to Sundby (E.27), 'Alla biografia di ser BL, contribuito di documenti', pp. 199-27, is useful for state documents mentioning BL. Carroll (LbIIIB), quoting Toynbee, p. 33, quoting Del Lungo, notes that BL's name appeared in 35 public documents between 21 October 1282 and 22 July 1292. Actually, he appears in the documents for this period, 42 times (E.6). Dante refers to BL in VE, speaking of him as 'Brunectum Florentinum'. Segre (BgIV), p. 22, notes his importance to 'letteratura cancellerseca'. It is important, too, to look at items in Ja on Aristotle and Cicero and the dissertation by J. Thomas (H) on BL's Ciceronian orations. See also Hans Robert Jauss (G).

BL may have been influenced by Alfonso el Sabio's use of Eusebian historical parallels. DA and G. Villani, like Bede and Geoffrey of Monmouth, were to continue this practice. BL was twice exposed to its method, in Spain from Alfonso, in France from Vincent de Beauvais. He wrote such universal history in the first part of the Tresor and, perhaps, elsewhere (N), and DA associates him with the Troy/Fiesole origins of Florence in Inf. XV. See Davis (F), and primary materials in Ja,b.

F.1. Alessio, Gian Carlo. 'Brunetto Latini e Cicerone (e i dettatori)'. IMU 22 (1979), 123-69.
Pinpoints BL's use of Cicero with medieval commentary in Rettorica and Tresor. Learned, detailed article. Good on MSS study. See Ja.

F.2. Allen, Judson Boyce. The Ethical Poetic of the Middle Ages. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1982.

F.3. Amari, Michele. La guerra del Vespro siciliano. Paris: Baudry, 1845.

F.4. Ammirato, Scipione. Vescovi di Fiesole, di Volterra et d'Arezzo. Firenze, 1637.

F.5. Annales Ptolemai Lucensis. In Cronache dei secoli XIII e XIV. Firenze: Cellini, 1876.

F.6. Apollonio, Mario. Uomini e forme nella cultura italiana delle origini. Firenze: Sansoni, 1934. PP. 214-19.
Places BL in context of ars dictaminis. Discusses Tesoretto.

F.7. Arias, Gino. 'Sottomissione dei banchieri fiorentine alla Chiesa, 9 dic. 1263'. Studi e Documenti di storia del Diritto. Firenze: Le Monnier, 1901. Pp. 114-120.

F.8. Arias, Gino. I trattati commerciali della Repubblica fiorentina: Secolo XIII. Firenze: Le Monnier, 1901.

F.9. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'Boncompagno da Signa, i maestri di retorica e le città comunali nella prima metà del Duecento'.  Il pensiero e l’opera di Boncompagno da Signa. A cura di Massimo Baldini. Signa: Allegri, 2002. Pp. 23-36.

F.10. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'L'eloquence politique dans les cités communales'. Cultures italiennes (XIIe-XVe siècles). A cura di Isabelle Heullant-Donat. Paris: Cerf, 2000. Pp. 269-296, esp. 271.

F.10a. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'I governi di "popolo" e le istituzioni comunali nella seconda meta del secolo XIII'. Rivista: Reti Medievali IX (2003), 1-10.  

F.11. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'Orfeo Concionatore. Un passo di Tommaso d'Aquino e l'eloquenza politica nelle città italiane nel secolo XIII'. La musica nel pensiero medievale. A cura di Letterio Mauro. Ravenna: Longo, 2001. Pp. 137-149.

F.12. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'I podestà professionali e la fondazione retorica delle politica comunale'. Quarderni storici n.s. 63 (1986), 3.687-719.

*F.13. Artifoni, Enrico. 'Prudenza del consiglio. L'educazione del cittadino nel Liber consolationis et consilii di Albertano da Brescia (1246)'. "Consilium". Teorie e pratioche del consigliare nella cultura medievale. Ed. C. Casagrande, C. Crisciani, S. Vecchio. Firenze: SISMEL Edizioni del Galluzzo (Micrologus Library 10), 2004, 1-14.

F.14. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'Retorica e organizzazione del linguaggio politico nel Duecento italiano'. Le forme della propaganda politica nel due e nel trecento: Relazione tenute al convegno internazionale oraganizzato dal Comitato di studi storici di Trieste, dall'Ecole française de Rome e dal Dipartimento di storia dell'Università degli studi di Trieste (Trieste, 2-5 marzo 1993). A cura di Paolo Cammarosano. Roma: Ecole française de Rome, Palais Farnèse, 1994. Pp. 157-182.

F.15. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'Sapientia Salomonis: Une forme de présentation du savoir rhétorique chez les dictatores italiens (première moitié du XIIIe siècle). La Parole du prédicateur, Ve-XVe siècle. Ed. Rosa Maria Dessì et Michel Lauwers. Nice: Collections du Centre d'Etudes Médiévales de Nice, 1997. I.291-310.

F.16. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'Segreti a amicizie nell'educazione  civile dell'età dei comuni'. Micrologus: Natura, Scienze e Società Medievali 14 (2006), 259-274.

F.17. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'Sull'eloquenza politica nel Duecento italiano'. Quaderni medievali 35 (1993), 57-78.

F.18. °Artifoni, Enrico. 'Gli uomini dell'assemblea. L'oratoria civile, i concionatori e i predicatori nella società comunale'. La predicazione dei Frati dalla metà del '200 alla fine del '300. Atti del XXII Convegno internazionale, Assisi, 13-15 ottobre 1994. Spoleto: Centro italiano di studi sull'Alto Medioevo, 1995. Pp. 143-188.

F.19. °Asperti, Stefano. Carlo I d'Angiò e i trovatori: Componenti 'provenzali' e angioine nella tradizione manoscritta della lirica trobadorica. Ravenna: Longo Editore, 1995.
In this period poetry and literature, both Provençal and Picardan, takes on a strongly political role. BL part of this circle and his MSS often include Provençal lyrics.

F.20. Baldassari, Guido. 'Ancora sulle fonti della Rettorica: BL e Teodorico di Chartres'. SPCT 19 (1979), 41-69.
Notes Theodoric of Chartres' commentary to Cicero's De inventione as source for Rettorica. See Ja.

F.21. Baldassari, Guido. '"Prologo" e "Accessus ad autores" nella Rettorica di BL'. SPCT 12 (1976), 102-16.
Discusses late classical and medieval context of BL's interpretation of Cicero, noting sources in commentaries by Victorinus and Gellus. See Ja; also Bibliotheca Augustana: http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost04/Victorinus/vic_intr.html

F.22. Baldwin, Charles. Medieval Rhetoric and Poetic. New York: Macmillan, 1928. Pp. 178-82.

F.23. Barbero, Alessandro. 'Il mito angioino nella cultura italiana e provenzale fra Duecento e Trecento'. Bulletino storico-bibliografico subalpino 1 (1981).
Detailed study, concerning poetic tenzoni, diplomatic documents, etc.

F.24. Baron, Hans. 'Cicero and the Roman Civic Spirit in the Middle Ages and Early Renaissance'. Bulletin of the John Rylands Library 22 (1938), 72-97. Rpbl. as 'The Memory of Cicero's Roman Civic Spirit in the Medieval Centuries and in the Florentine Renaissance'. In Search of Florentine Civic Humanism: Essays on the Transition from Medieval to Modern Thought. Princeton: University Press, 1988. 2 vols. I.94-133.

*F.25. Baroni, Giovanni. 'Dante giudica quarant'anni di vita politica fiorentina ("Inferno" canto XVI)'. Atti della Dante Alighieri a Treviso 1989-1996. II.32-42.

F.26. Bartolomeus de Neocastro. Historia Sicula. In Rerum Italicum Scriptores, a cura di Ludovico Antonio Muratori. Milano: 1728. Vol. III.

F.27. Bartuschat, Johannes. 'La "Rettorica" de Brunetto Latini. rhétorique, éthique et politique à Florence dans le deuxième moitié du XIII siècle'. Arzanà: La science du bien dire. Rhétorique et rhétoriciens au Moyen Âge. Ed. Marina Marietti et Claude Perrus. 2002. Paris: Presses de la Sorbonne Nouvelle, 2002. Pp. 33-59.
Excellent article, discussing Ciceronian rhetoric in BL and DA for ethics, not power

F.28. Bec, Christian. Les marchands écrivains à Florence, 1375-1434. Paris: Mouton, 1967.

F.29. °Becker, Marvin B. 'Dante and his Literary Contemporaries as Political Men'. Speculum 41 (1966), 665-80.
Sees BL and DA as participating in a literary and political education.

F.30. °Becker, Marvin B. 'Notes from the Florentine Archives: Persus Ser Brunetto Latini'. Renaissance News 17 (1964), 201-202.

F.31. Boccaccio, Giovanni. Lo Zibaldone. A cura di Guido Biagi. Firenze: Olschki, 1915.
Gives Cicero's Catilinaria, Frederick II/Pier delle Vigne, Dante Epistles, 'Alexandro Magno scribit Aristotili magistro suo De mirabilis Indiae'. MS palimpsested on Beneventan music MS.

F.32. °Bolton Holloway, Julia. 'Chancery and Comedy: BL and DA', Lectura Dantis, 3 (1988) 73-94, http://www.brown.edu/Departments/Italian_Studies/LD/numbers/03/holloway.html,
Proposes need to study BL's diplomatic documents side by side with DA's DC, in particular the Inferno.

         F.32.Rev. Hardie, Colin. Detailed letter, dated 22/11/87.

*F.33. Bonaini, Francesco. 'Statuto della Val d'Ambra del mccviij del Conte Guido Guerra III e Ordinamenti per fedeli di Vallombrosa degli anni mccliij e mcclxiij degli Abati Tesauro di Beccaria e Pievano'. Annali della Università toscane, 2 (1851).
Cited, Roberta Cella, A scuola con Ser Brunetto, ed. Maffia Scariati (Db.4).

*F.34. Boncompagno da Signa. Amicitia. A cura di Sarina Nathan. Roma: Società, 1909.
Cited, Ceva (E), p. 222. See Bibliotheca Augustana: http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/Boncompagno/bon_intr.html

F.35. Boncompagno da Signa. Rhetorica novissima. A cura di A. Gaudentio. Bologna: Biblioteca Juridica Medii Aevi, 1892.
The entire collection is of value for its publication of works composed in a chancery context. See Bibliotheca Augustana,  http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lspost13/Boncompagno/bon_intr.html     

F.36. Bowers, Richard H. 'Italian Merchants in England in the Reign of Henry III.' The Southern Quarterly 6, 2 (1968), pp. 191-202.

F.37. Brandt, William J. The Shape of Medieval History: Studies in Modes of Perception. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1966.

F.38. Bruni Aretino, Leonardo. Historiarum Fiorentini Populi. A cura di Emilio Santini. In Lodovico Antonio Muratori, Rerum Italicum Scriptores, XIX, 3. Città di Castello: Lapi.

F.39. °Buch, August. 'Gli studi sulla poetica e sulla retorica di Dante e del suo tempo'. CeS 13-14 (1965), 143-66. Also in Atti del Congresso internazionale di Studi danteschi, Firenze, 1965, pp. 98-101.
Excellent bibliography in footnotes on rhetoric. Concludes that BL, Rettorica, and Fra' Guido da Bologna, Fiore di Rettorica, are contemporaneous works.

F.40. Buch, August, Max Pfister. Studien zu den 'Volgarizzamenti' Römischer Autoren in der Italienischen Literatur des 13. und 14. Jahrhunderts. München: Fink, 1978.

*F.41. Cabie, Marie Pierre. 'Sapience et rhétorique dans le livre de Brunet Latini'. Perspectives médiévales, 8 (1984).
Cited, Kay (LbIV).

F.42. Caggese, Romolo. Roberto d'Angiò e i suoi tempi. Firenze: Bemporad, 1922.

F.43. Il Caleffio vecchio del Comune di Siena. A cura di Giovanni Cecchini. Firenze: Olschki, 1931-35. BL document, #567, p. 779.
See also La sale della Mostra e il Museo delle Tavolette dipinte, catalogue: Pubblicazione degli Archivi di Stato XXIII, Roma: Ministero dell'Interno, 1956, giving actual documents concerning Sapia, Casella, Pier delle Vigne, other Commedia characters.

F.44. Calò, Giovanni. Filippo Villani e il 'Liber de Origine Civitatis Florentinae'. Rocca S. Casciano: Capelli, 1904. P. 47.

F.45. °Campbell, C Jean. The Commonwealth of Nature: Art and Poetic Community in the Age of Dante. University Park, PA: The Pennsylvania State University Press, 2008.
Intensely studies Brunetto Latino Tesoretto and Tesoro manuscript illuminations and texts, in the light of ideal Comunal Politics.

F.46. Carini, Isidoro. Gli archivi e le biblioteche di Spagna in rapporto alla storia d'Italia in generale e di Sicilia in particolare. Palermo: Statuto, 1884.

*F.47 . Carpi, U. La nobiltà di Dante. Firenze: Polistampa, 2004. 2 vols.

F.48. Cassell, Anthony J. 'Pier della Vigna's Metamorphosis: Iconography and History'. Dante, Petrarch, Boccaccio: Studies in the Italian Trecento in Honor of Charles S. Singleton. Ed. Aldo S. Bernardo and Anthony L. Pellegrini. Binghamton: New York; Medieval and Renaissance Tests and Studies, 1983.

F.49. Chronicle of Matthew Paris. Ed. Richard Vaughan. Gloucester: St Martin's Press, 1984.

F.50. Codici diplomatico dei Giudei di Sicilia. A cura di Bartolomeo e Giuseppe Lagumia. Palmero: Michele Amenta, 1884.

F.51. Colish, Marcia L. The Mirror of Language: A Study in the Medieval Theory of Knowledge. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968. 2nd ed. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1983.
Sees value and influence of Tresor (BL's other works not discussed). Good on rhetoric and city, BL as teacher to Dante. Excelent bibliography on Cicero.

F.52. XI Congresso di storia della Corona d'Aragona, Palermo-Trapani-Erice, 23-30 aprile 1982 sul tema La società mediterranea all'epoca del Vespro. Palermo: Accademia di Scienze, lettere e arti, 1983. 4 vols.

F.53. Constable, Giles. Letters and Letter Collections, Typologie des Sources du Moyen Age Occidental 17. Turnholt: Brepols, 1976.

F.54. Coppo Stefani, Marchionne di. Istoria Fiorentine: Monumenti. In Ildefonso di San Luigi. Delizie degli Eruditi. Firenze: Cambiagi, 1777.

F.55. Crespo, Roberto. 'BL e la Poetria nova di Geoffroi de Vinsauf'. LIt 24 (1972), 97-99.
Simile of house-building first thought, then wrought, in Geoffrey de Vinsauf, Rettorica, Tresor.

F.56. Cristofori, Francesco. Di 'Quel di Beccheria di cui segò Fiorenza la gorgiera' ricordato dall'Alighieri nel XXXII canto dell'Inferno. Memorie e documenti. Roma: Tipografia liturgica editrice romana, 1890.
Extracted from Arcadia 1, fasc. 3-9. Defends Tesauro de Beccaria against Dante's calumny. Good account of 'Paper Wars' between Pavia and Florence.

F.57. Davidsohn, Robert. Geschichte von Florenz. Berlin: Mittler, 1896-1927. 4 vols.

F.58. Davidsohn, Robert. Forschungen sur älteren Geschichte von Florenz. Berlin: Mittler, 1908.
Above book's separately titled appendix. BL, p. 103 and index; p. 131 on Tesauro de Beccaria; p. 149, Alfonso el Sabio. Notes F. Donati (F50), p. 230; father's letter about BL exile at Montaperti disaster.

F.58.Rev. Maggini, F. BSDI, n.s. 17 (1910), 120-30.

F.59. °Davidsohn, Robert. Storia di Firenze. Trans. Giovanni Battista Klein. Firenze: Sansoni, 1957. 8 vols.
Translation, lacking Forschungen. Photographic plates of BL portraits, etc. Many references to BL documents in archives. With G. Villani, Cronica (F), absolutely essential for documenting BL and DA with primary sources in their historical context.

F.60. Davis, Charles Till. Dante and the Idea of Rome. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1957. Pp. 86-94.

F.61. Davis, Charles Till. 'Education in Dante's Florence'. Sp 40 (1965), 415-35.
Excellent on the works BL shared with DA, including Boethius, at that time not well known in Italy. Comments, p. 415, that literacy in this period became extraordinarily widespread.

F.62. Davis, Charles Till. 'Il buon tempo antico'. Florentine Studies: Politics and Society in Renaissance Florence. Ed. Nicolai Rubinstein. Evanston: Northwestern University Press, 1968. Pp. 45-69.

F.63. Del Giudice, Giuseppe. Codici Diplomatico del regno di Carlo I e II d'Angiò dal 265 al 1309. Napoli: Tipografia dell'Università. 1863-1902.

F.64. De Rosa, Daniela. Coluccio Salutati: Il Cancelliere e il pensatore politico. Firenze: La Nuova Italia, 1980.

*F.65. Dickey, M. 'Some Commentaries on Cicero's Inventione and the Rhetorica ad Herennium of the 11th and 12th Centuries'. Medieval and Renaissance Studies 6 (1968), 1-4.
Cited, Venturi (Da).

         F.65.MS.1. Dickey, Venturi, cite *MS Oxford, Bodleian Library Canon. Class. Lat. 201.

F.66. °Dino Compagni. Dino Compagni e la sua Cronica. A cura di Isidoro Del Lungo. Firenze: Le Monnier, 1889/1924.

F.67. I Diplomi della Cattedral di Messina. A cura di Antonino Amico. Palmero: Michele Amenta, 1888.

F.68. Documenti dell'Antica Costituzione del Comune di Firenze. A cura di Pietro Santini. Firenze: Olschki, 1952.

F.69. Documenti delle relazioni tra Carlo I d'Angiò e la Toscana. A cura di Sergio Terlizzi. Firenze: Olschki, 1950.

F.70. Documenti per la storia della città d'Arezzo nel Medio Evo. A cura di Ubaldo Pasqui. Firenze: R. Deputazione di storia patria, 1920.

F.71. °Donati, F. 'Lettere politiche del secolo XIII sulla guerra del 1260 fra Siena e Firenze'. Bulletino Senese di Storia Patria 3 (1896), 222-69; 4 (1897), 101-06; 5 (1898), 257-69.
Gives letter supposedly from BL's father, exiled to Lucca, to BL in Spain lamenting outcome of Montaperti. Tesoretto has BL learn of Montaperti on his return from a Bolognan scholar at Roncesvalles. Bonaccorso Latino, BL's brother, was a student at Bologna.

F.72. Dorini, U. 'Il tradimento del Conte Ugolino alla luce di un documento inedito'. StD 12 (1927), 31-64.
Discusses Ugolino episode historically and gives a letter of state concerning it, without relating these materials to BL. But see G. Villani (F), Davidsohn (F), Bolton Holloway (C.85, p. xvii; E).

F.73. *Dorini, U. Notizie storiche sull'Università di parte guelfa. Firenze: Franceschini, 1902.
Cited, Ceva (E), p. 223.

F.74. °D'Ovidio, Francesco. 'Guido da Montefeltro nella Divina Commedia'. Nuova Antologia (1892), 210-243, esp. 233.

F.75. Due cronache del Vespro siciliano del secolo XIII. A cura di Enrico Sicardi. In Raccolta degli storici italiani. A cura di Ludovico Antonio Muratori. Bologna: Zanichelli, 1917.

*F.76. Durrieu, Paul. 'Un portrait de Charles I d'Anjou'. Les Archives Angevines de Naples: Etude sur les registres du Charles Ier. Paris, 1896. 2 vols.
Cited, Davidsohn II.779.

F.77. East, James Robert. 'BL's Rhetoric of Letter Writing'. Quarterly Journal of Speech 54 (1968), 241-46.
Discusses BL's adaptation of Ciceronian rhetoric to both speech and letter writing. See B61 for East's dissertation on rhetoric in Tresor III.

F.78. °Epistolario di Leonardo Bruni: Censimento dei codici: Firenze: Seminario di Studio, 30 ottobre, 1987. A cura di Paolo Viti, Lucia Gualdo Rosa, Paola Scarcia Piacentini, Milagros Villae, Frank Rutger Hausmann, Ursula Jaitner Hahner, Martin Davis, James Hankins, Giovanna Lazzi, Claudio Griggio, Sebastiano Gentile. Firenze: Banca Commerciale Italiana, 1987.

F.79. °I fatti dei Romani: Saggio di edizione critica di un volgarizzamento fiorentino del Duecento. A cura di Sergio Marroni. Roma: Viella, 2004.
Paul Mayer suggested BL translated these works (AbI ). The Riccardian MS Marroni discusses is dated '1313', while he notes the French versions are 1213-1214. Cited, Divizia.

F.80. Fenzi, Enrico. 'Brunetto Latini, ovvero il fondamento politico dell'arte della parola e il potere dell'intellettuale'. A scuola con Ser Brunetto, ed. Maffia Scariati (Db.4), 323-369.
Concentrates on Spanish/Arabic influence, but also discusses civic rhetoric.

F.81. Ferrato, Pietro. Trattato sopra l'Ufficio del Podestà scrittura inedita del buon secolo. Padova: Seminario, 1865.

F.82. Ferretti, Giovanni. 'Banchieri fiorentini in Francia nel Dugento'. Fanfulle della Domenica 31-32 (1909).

F.83. Ficker, Julius. Forschungen zur Reichs-und Rechstgeschichte Italiens. Innsbruck: Wagner'schen, 1973.

F.84. Folena, Gianfranco. '"Parlemente" podestarile di Giovanni da Viterbo'. LN 20 (1959), 97-105.
Politics and rhetoric in reference to BL, p. 99.

F.85. Franchini, Vittorio. Saggio di ricerche su l'istituto del podestà nei comuni medievali. Bologna: Zanichelli, 1912.
Discusses BL, pp. 256-62. Much material on Florence, the anziani, the rettore, etc. Oculus pastoralis, p. 234; also Liber de regimine civitatum of Giovanni da Viterbo.

F.86. Fumi, Luigi. Codici diplomatici della città d'Orvieto: Documenti e regesti dal secolo XI al XV. Firenze: Vieusseux, 1884.

F.87. °Gabrielli, Annibale. 'L'epistole di Cola di Rienzo e l'epistolografia medievale'. Archivio Reale Società Romana di Storia Patria 11 (1888), 381-479.
Examines Epistolarium in light of medieval traditon of school of Orléans and of Boncompagno, without mentioning BL.

F.88. Geanakoplos, Demo John. The Emperor Michael and the West. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1959.

*F.89. Gebauer, G.Ch. Leben und denkwürdige Thaten Herrn Richards eruvahlten Römischen Kaysers, Grafens von Cornwall und Poitou in dreyen Buchern beschriben. Leipzig: Fritsch, 1744. Pp. 571-5.
On BL letter about execution of Tesauro Beccaria.

F.90. Gherardi, Alessandro. Le Consulte della Repubblica Fiorentina dall'anno MCCLXXX al MCCXCVIII. Firenze: Sansoni, 1898. Edition of the Libri Fabarum in the Florentine State Archives.

*F.91. Giansante, M. Retorica e politica nel Duecento. I notai bolognesi e l'ideologia comunale. Roma: Istituto Storico Italiano per il Medio Evo (Nuovi Studi Storici 48), 1999.

F.92. Giovanni da Viterbo. Liber de regimine civitatum. A cura di Gaetano Salvemini. Bologna: Biblioteca Juridica Medii Aevi, 1901.
Source for podestà section in Tresor and Tesoro.

F.93. °Godbarge, Clément. 'Brunetto Latini y la reconstruccion del ethos republicano. Foro Interno 5 (2005), 85-111.
Discusses BL's formation of Florentine civiltà through his translations of Aristotle and Cicero. Available as a pdf file:
http://www.ucm.es/BUCM/revistas/cps/15784576/articulos/FOIN0505110085A.PDF

F.94. Graf, Arturo. Roma nella memoria e nelle immaginazione del Medio Evo. Torino: Chiantore, 1923.
Intriguing study of mythical and historical materials, noting, p. 497, how Christian poets, BL, DA, Fazio degli Uberti, used unbaptized pagan figures in their poems as guides who will teach them, 'ammaestreranno', though not themselves baptized. For this theme in Dante, see Rachel Jacoff.

F.95. Greenstein, Jack M. 'The Vision of Peace: Meaning and Representation in Ambrogio Lorenzetti's Sala della Pace Cityscapes'. Art History 2 (1988), 492-570.

F.96. Gregorovius, Ferdinand. Rome and Medieval Culture. Trans. Annie Hamilton. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971.

F.97. Guidone de Corvaria. Fragmentae Historiae Pisanae. In Rerum Italicum Scriptores. A cura di Ludovico Antonio Muratori, XXIV. Mediolani 1738.

F.98. Hefele, Charles-Joseph. Histoire des conciles. Paris: Letouzey, 1914.
BL's Guelf diplomacy and Councils related.

F.99. °Heinimann, Siegfried. 'Umprägung antiker begriffe in BLs Rettorica'. Renatae litterae: Studien zum Nachleben der Antike und zur europäischen Renaissance August Buch zum 60. Geburstag a, .3.12.1971 dargebracht von Freunden un Schülen. Ed. Klaus Heitmann and Eckhart Schroeder. Frankfurt am Maine: Athenäeum Verlag, 1973. Pp. 13-22.

F.100. Heinimann, Siegfried. 'Zum wortschatz von BL Tresor'. Vox Romanica 27 (1968), 96-105.
On BL's contribution to French terminology on rhetoric.

F.101. Hertter, F. Die Podestàliteratur Italiens im 12 und 13 Jahrhundert. Leipzig: Teubner, 1910. Diss. Tübingen, 1910. Rpt. Hildesheim; Gerstebberg, 1973.

F.102. Higgins, David H. 'Cicero, Aquinas, and St Matthew in Inferno XIII'. DaSt 93(1975), 61-94. Rpbl. as 'The Bible as Palimpsest. Cicero, Aquinas and St Matthew in Inferno XIII' in Dante and the Bible, 1992, pp. 115-154.
Discusses BL's rhetorical writings in relation to Pier delle Vigne.

F.104. Hollander, Robert and Albert L. Rossi. 'Dante's Republican Treasury'. Dante Studies 104 (1986), 59-82.

F.110. Jordan, E. Les origines de la domination angevine en Italie. Paris: Picard, 1909.

F.111. Kantorowicz, Ernst. 'Anonymi Aurea Gemma'. MH 1 (1943), 41-57.
On ars dictaminis.

F.112. Kantorowicz, Ernst. Federigo II Imperatore. Trans. Gianni Pilone Colombo. Milano: Garzanti, 1976.

F.113. °Kantorowicz, Ernst. The King's Two Bodies: A Study in Medieval Political Theory. Princeton: University Press, 1957.
On contractual obligations of medieval monarchs to their subjects.

F.114. °Kleine, Michael. Searching for Latini. West Lafayette, Indiana: Parlor Press, 2006.
Discusses need to teach BL to American teachers of rhetoric.

F.115. Kay, Richard. 'Rucco di Cambio de' Mozzi in France and England'. StD 47 (1970), 49-53.
Discusses his presence in France at Fair of Champagne, etc., the legend of his suicide in Paris.

F.116. La Manta, Giuseppe. Codice Diplomatico dei Re Aragonesi di sicilia: Pietro I, Giacomo, Federico II, Pietro II e Ludovico dalla Rivoluzione siciliana del 1282 sino al 1355. Palermo: Boccone del Povero, 1917.

F.117. °Lasinio, Ernesto. 'Frammento di un quaderno di mandati dell'antica Camera del Comune di Firenze. Archivio storio italiano, ser. 5: 35 (1905), 440-447.

F.118. Laurent, Maria-Hyacinth. Le bienheureux Innocent V (Pierre de Tarantaise) et son temps. Città del Vaticano, Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana, 1947.
Discusses Carlo d'Angiò' oath of office, 1265, 1276, p. 334.

*F.119. Le Goff, Jacques. Marchands et banquiers du Moyen Age. Paris, 1956.

F.120. Lenkeith, Nancy. Dante and the Legend of Rome. London: Warburg Institute, 1962.

F.121. Liber iurum Reipublicae Genevensis I, in Historia Patriae Monumenta VII, Torino, 1836-84). Cols. 1201-4, 1212-15.

F.122. Il Libro di Montaperti (Anno MCCLX). Ed. Cesare Paoli. Firenze: Vieusseux, 1889. Documenti di Storia Italiana 9.
'Burnectus Bonaccursi Latini, iudici et notario', pp. 34, 123, 148, 172. See also Bolton Holloway (E), Stopani (E).

F.123. °Lindhart, Jan. Rhetor, Poeta, Historicus. Studien über rhetorische Erkenntniss und Lebensanschauung im italienischen Renaissancehumanismus. Leiden: Brill, 1979. Acta Theologica Danica 13. Pp. 103,179.

F.124. Lisciandrelli, Pasquali. Trattati e negoziazione politiche della repubblica di Genova (958-1791). Genova: Società ligure di Storia patria, 1960.
BL documents, #323-328, pp. 68-69. 

F.125. Macciocca, Gabriella. 'Antecedenti di "mazzerati" ("Inf." XXVIII 80) e diffusione di epistole federiciane volgari nel sec. XIII'. Cultura Neolatina 64.3-4 (2004), 541-557.
Notes from vocabulary that BL is bridge from Pier della Vigna and DA.

F.126. Maggini, Francesco. La Rettorica italiana di BL. Firenze: R. Istituto degli Studi Superiori di Firenze, 1912.
Study in preparation for edition (C.57). Splendid essay on source material.

F.126.Rev. Frati, C. GSLI 62 (1913), 432.

F.127. Maggini, Francesco. 'Orazioni ciceroniane volgarizzate da BL'. In I primi volgarizzamenti dei classici latini. Firenze: Le Monnier, 1952.

F.128. Maire Vigeur, Jean Claude. 'La società comunale. Un successo di popolo'. Medioevo, Un passato da riscoprire 9.8 (2005), pp. 61-73.

F.129. Malavolti, Orlando. Dell'historia di Siena. Venezia: Marchetti, 1599. 3 vols.
Brief account of Montaperti between Vols. I & II. Explains that the battle which dyed the Arbia red with blood, was caused by 1258 expulsion of Florentine Ghibellines to Siena by the Guelfs because of Tesauro of Vallombrosa's treachery.

F.130. °Marigo, Aristide. 'Il "cursus" nella prosa latina dalle origini cristiane ai tempi di Dante'. Atti e Memorie della Reale Academia di Padova 47, n.s. 1 (1931), 321-56, esp. 341-43, 356.
Discusses cursus of BL. See also G.

F.131. Martines, Lauro. Power and Imagination: City-States in Reniassance Italy. New York: Knopf, 1979.
Discusses BL, especially Tesoretto, in depth, pp. 115-23. Martines and Skinner (F) equally see BL's importance in Florentine republicanism, though Martines incorrectly speaks of BL as sympathetic to oligarchic elements.

F.132. °Marzi, Demetrio. La Cancelleria della Repubblica Fiorentina. Rocca S. Casciano: Capelli, 1910.
Speaks of BL passim and presents biography, pp. 35-48, noting that he was the first 'Dettatore e Cancelliere della Repubblica'.

*F.133. Masi, Gino. Formularum Florentinum artis notariae 1220-1242. Milano: Vita e Pensiero, 1943.
Cited, Wieruszowski (C.71), p. 187.

*F.134. Mazzoni, Francesco. 'Tematiche politiche tra Guittone e Dante'. Guittone d'Arezzo nel settimo centenario della morta. Atti del Convegno internazionale di Arezzo, 22-24 aprile 1994. A cura di Michelangelo Picone. Firenze: Casati, 1995. Pp. 351-383.
Cited, Bartuschat (F), noting pp. 355-363 on BL.

F.135. °Mazzotta, Giuseppe. Dante, Poet of the Desert: History and Allegory in the Divina Commedia. Princeton: University Press, 1974. Pp. 73-79, 138-41.

F.136. Mazzotta, Giuseppe. Dante's Vision and the Circle of Knowledge. Princeton: University Press, 1993.
References to BL, passim.

F.137. °Mazzotta, Giuseppe. 'Poetics of History: Inferno XXVI'. Diacritics 5 (1975), 37-38.
Important book and article, introducing BL to American dantisti in poetic/political context, and brilliantly relating Ulysses/Cicero and BL.

F.138. Mengaldo, Piervincenzo. Introduction to Dante Alighieri: De vulgari eloquentia. Padova: Antenor, 1968.
Pp. xxxviii-xlii on BL, rhetoric and poetics. Discusses Bolognan influence.

F.139. Merkel, C. 'L'opinione dei contemporanei sull'impresa italiana di Carlo d'Angiò'. Atti della R. Accademia dei Lincei, 4:4. Roma, 1888.
Basis for Barbero's study (F).

F.139.a. Michael, Michael A. 'Towards a Hermeneutics of the Manuscript: The Physical and Metaphysical Journeys of Paris, BNF, MS FR 571'. Freedom of Movement in the Middle Ages. Ed. Peregrine Horden. Donnington: Shaun Tyas, 2007.
On creation of MS P, Bibliothèque Nationale fr 571, for wedding of Philippa of Hainault to Edward III of England.

*F.140. Milner, Stephen J, 'Exile, Rhetoric and the Limits of Civic Republican Discourse'. At the Margins: Minority Groups in Pre-Modern Italy. Ed. Stephen J. Milner. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2005. Pp. 162-191.

F.141. °Montanelli, Indro, Roberto Gervaso. L'Italia dei Comuni: Il Medio Evo dal 1000 al 1250. Milano: Rizzoli, 1966.

F.142. Murphy, James J. 'John Gower's Confessio amantis and the First Discussion of Rhetoric in the English Language'. PQ 41 (1962), 401.11
Discusses transmission of ars dictaminis.

F.143. Najemy, John M. Corporatism and Consensus in Florentine Electoral Politics. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1982.

F.144. Najemy, John M. 'Brunetto Latini's Politica'. Dante Studies 112 (1994), 33-51.

F.145. °Nederman, C.J. 'The Union of Wisdom and Eloquence before the Renaissance: The Ciceronian Orator in Medieval Thought'. Journal of Medieval History 18 (1992), pp. 75-95, esp. 86-88.
Of Latino's works influenced by Cicero only discusses Tresor III, not Rettorica.

F.146. Nencione, Giovanni. 'Dante e la rettorica'. Dante e Bologna nei tempi di Dante: Comitato nazionale per le celebrazioni del VII centenario della nascita di Dante. Bologna: Carducci, 1967. Pp. 98-101.

F.147. Novati, Francesco. Freschi e minii del Dugento. Milano: Cogliati, 1925.
Contains many excellent essays of interest to BL studies: 'Federigo II e la cultura dell'età sua', pp. 83-113;  'Il Notaio nella vita e nella letteratura italiana delle origini', pp. 243-64; counters Imbriani (M) on BL as teacher, pp. 269-76.

F.148. Novati, Francesco. La giovinezza di Coluccio Salutati. Torino: Loescher, 1888. Chapter III.
States that Coluccio Salutati never mentions BL. Yet Laurenziana, Ashb. 492 shows the interest that the Renaissance Chancellor of Florence had in his medieval predecessor. Also the 15 C. Firenze, Biblioteca Nazionale, II.II.82 (BbII.18,Bd.11) has Tesoro and Epistolarium, including Salutati's letters with BL's.

F.149. Novati, Francesco. Le Epistole. Conferenza letta da Francesco Novati nella Sala di Dante in Orsanmichele. Firenze: Sansoni, 1905. Lectura Dantis.
On ars dictandi. Challenges Imbriani (M), by stating BL educated DA, pp. 7-14.

F.150. Oculus pastoralis. In Antiquitatis italicae Medii Aevi. A cura di Lodovico Antonio Muratori. Milano, 1712. IV, pp. 92-128.
Important source for podestà material. Speaks of podestà as shepherd, people as flock, need for justice in the ruler, reverence in the people, love in both. Discusses office of ambassador, emperor, pope.

F.151. °Padoan, Giorgio. Il pio Enea, l'empio Ulisse: Tradizione classica e intendimento medievale in Dante. Ravenna: Longo, 1977.
Discusses uses of rhetoric in Commedia.

F.152. Passerin d'Entrèves, Alessandro. Dante as Political Thinker. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1952.
Discusses BL, DA in terms of 'cityness', pp. 10-15.

F.153. °Pecori, Luigi. Storia della terra di San Gimignano. Firenze, 1953; Roma, Multigrafica Editrice, 1975.
BL Document XX.

F.154. Perrens, F.T. Histoire de Florence. Paris: Hachette, 1877. 6 vols.

F.155. Petrucchi, Armando. Notarii: Documenti per la storia del Notariato italiano. Milano: Giuffré, 1958.

F.156. Pier delle Vigne. Epistolarium quibus res gestae ejusdem imperatoris aliaque multa ad historia ac jurisprudentiam spectantia continentur libri VI. Ed. J. Rudulf Iselms. Basle: Schard, 1740.
See Be, also DA, Inf. XIII, Important, though early, edition.

F.157. Plebe, Armando. Breve storia dela retorica antica. Roma: Laterza, 1968/1988.

F.158. Porter, L.C. 'BL et les Moralistes'. EsC 2 (1962), 119-25.

F.159. Regesta Pontificum Romanorum. Ed. Augustus Potthast. Berlin: Decker, 1875.

F.160. Les Registres de Martin IV. Paris: Librairie françaises d'Athènes et de Rome, 1901.

*F.161. I registri della cancellaria Angioina. A cura di Riccardo Filangieri. Napoli: L'Accademia, 1950-1998. Testi e Documenti di Storia Napoletana Pubblicata dall'Accademia Pontaniana. 44 vols.

F.162. Renaudet, Augustin. 'Le problème historique de la Renaissance italienne'. In his Humanisme et Renaissance. Geneva: Droz, 1958.
Sees Florence as consciously reliving history of consular and senatorial Rome as students of Cicero and Livy, and argues that G. Villani and Machiavelli are part of this tradition.

F.163. Ricciardelli, Fabrizio. 'Exile as evidence of civic identity in Florence in the time of Dante: some examples'. Reti Medievali Rivista V (2004), 4-6. Firenze: University Press, 2004.

F.165. Rubinstein, Nicolai. 'The Beginning of Political Thought in Florence'. Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld Institutes 5 (1942), 179-207.

F.166. °Rubinstein, Nicolai. 'Political Rhetoric in the Imperial Chancery During the Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries'. Medium Aevum 14 (1945), 21-43.

F.168. °Runciman, Sir Steven. The Sicilian Vespers. Cambridge: University Press, 1982.

F.169. Russell, Robert O. Vox Civitatis: Aspects of Thirteenth-Century Communal Architecture in Lombardy. Princeton University Dissertation, 1988.

F.170. Russo, Vittorio. '"Exordio" e/o "proemio" nella "Rettorica" volgare e in Dante'. Strategie del testo. Preliminari Partizione Pause. Atti del XVI e del XVII Convegno Interuniversitario (Bressanone, 1988 e 1989). A cura di Gianfelice Peron. Pp. 111-131.
Discusses Tresor, Guido Faba, Boncomagno da Signa, etc.

*F.171. Sabatini, Francesco. Napoli angioina: cultura e società. Naples: Edizioni Scientifiche Italiane, 1975.

F.172. Saint Priest, Alexis de. Histoire de la Conquête de Naples par Charles d'Anjou, frère de Saint Louis. Paris: Amyot, 1858.

F.173. °Saltini, Guglielmo Enrico. 'Privilegio del Comune di Firenze a Rodolfo di Benincasa D'Altomena'. Archivio storico italiano ser. 3, 16 (1872), 209-212.

F.174. Salveminini, Gaetano. 'Il Liber de regimine civitatum'. GSLI 41 (1903), 284-303.
On Giovanni da Viterbo, Aristotle and Oculus Pastoralis. BL, pp. 293-301. Cites 'Li Tresor' translated by 'Maistre Brunet Latin de latin en français', discussing third, last part of Tesoro as 'Politica', making use of Giovanni da Viterbo, LRC, Oculus pastoralis, and Rhetorica novissima of Boncompagno.

F.175. Salvemini, Gaetano. Magnati e Popolani in Firenze dal 1260 al 1295. Firenze: Carnesecchi, 1899.

F.176. Sandys, John Edwin. A History of Classical Scholarship from the Sixth Century B.C. to the End of the Middle Ages, I. Cambridge: University Press, 1903.
States that BL was the first to translate Cicero's speeches into the vernacular.

F.177. °Sanford, Eva Matthews. 'The Lombard Cities, Empire and Papacy in a Cleveland Manuscript'. Sp 12 (1937), 95-128.
Discusses MS now in American library containing Pier delle Vigne letters, chess discussions and Oculus pastoralis which Muratori published. Important for BL studies.

      F.177.MS. Cleveland Public Library, John Griswold White MS W789.092.M C37, Oculus pastoralis.

F.178. Santini, Giuglielmo Enrico. 'Privilegio del Comune di Firenze a Rodolfo di Benincasa d'Altomena'. Archivio storico italiano, ser. 3: 16 (1872), 209-218.

F.181. Schevil, Ferdinand. Medieval and Renaissance Florence. New York: Harper, 1963. First publ. as History of Florence from the Founding of the City through the Renaissance. London: Bell, 1937; Rpt. New York: Harcourt Brace, 1961. 2 vols.
Not as detailed as Davidsohn.

F.182. Schiaffini, Alfredo. 'Lo stile latineggiante dei volgarizzatori dei classici e il volgarizzamento di G. Boccaccio'. In Tradizione e poesia nella prosa d'arte italiana dalla latinità medievale al Boccaccio. Genova: Degli Orfini, 1934. Rpt. Roma: Edizioni di storia e letteratura, 1969. Pp. 120-205.
On Cicero and medieval rhetoric.

F.183. °Schiaffini, Alfredo. 'I precursori di Dante. I. Guittone d'Arezzo. II. Bono Giamboni. III. Guido Cavalcanti, Guittone e Brunetto Latini'. In Italiano antico e moderno (1975), pp. 263-270.

F.184. Schiaffini, Alfredo. Testi fiorentini del Dugento e dei primi del Trecento. Firenze: Sansoni, 1906/1926.

F.185. Schneider, Fedor. Regestum Volterranum. Roma: Loescher, 1907.
BL, document #649, p. 213.

F.186. Scott, A. John. 'Dante's Political Experience (1265-1302)'. Dante's Political Purgatory. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1996. Pp. 3-20.
Using French Tresor, discusses DA's use of Cato's suicide.

F.187. Seigel, Jerrold E. Rhetoric and Philosophy in Renaissance Humanism. Princeton: University Press, 1968.
Renaissance bias excludes BL.

F.188. Sgrilli, Paola. 'Retorica e società: tensioni anti-classiche nella Rettorica di BL'. MedR 3 (1976), 380-93.
Sees BL as medievalizing Cicero.

F.189. °Sismondi, J.C.L. History of the Italian Republics in the Middle Ages. Trans. William Boulting. London: Routledge, n.d.

F.190. °Skinner, Quentin. 'Ambrogio Lorenzetti: The Artist as Political Philosopher'. Proceedings of the British Academy, 19 February 1986. Pp. 1-56.

F.191. Skinner, Quentin. The Foundation of Modern Political Thought. I. The Renaissance. Cambridge: University Press, 1978.
Presents an excellent discussion of BL in his Florentine political context.

F.192. °Sørensen, Gert. 'The Reception of the Political Aristotle in the late Middle Ages (from BL to DA)'. Renaissance Reading of the Corpus Aristotelicum: Papers from the Conference Held in Copenhagen 23-25 April 1998. Ed. Marianne Pade. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculum Press, 2001. Pp. 9-25.

F.193. Spitzer, Leo. 'Speech and Language in Inferno XIII'. It 19 (1942), 81-104. Rpt in his Romanische Literastudien 1936-1956. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1959, Pp. 544-68.
Brilliantly discusses Pier delle Vigne and BL, especially their use of language.

F.194. Stephany, William. 'Pier della Vigna's Self-Fulfilling Prophecies: The Eulogy of Frederick II and Inferno 13' Traditio 38 (1982), 193-212.

F.195. °Stopani, Renato. L'Aguato di Montaperti. Firenze: Editoriale Gli Arcipressi, 2002.

F.196. Struever, Nancy. The Language of History in the Renaissance: Rhetoric and Historical Consciousness in Florentine Humanism. Princeton: University Press, 1970.
Notes that BL paraphrases Cicero but adds the end of rhetoric is 'per amare dio e'l prossimo', p. 60.

*F.197. Tabasso, A.P. 'Brunetto Latini: le retorica per il governo della città all'uso d'Italia.' Portales 3-4 (2003-2'04), 30-35.

F.198. Tanturli, Giuliano. 'Continuità dell'umanismo civile da BL a Leonardo Bruni'. Gli umanismi medievali. Atti del II congresso dell''Internationales Mittellateiner Komitee'. Ed. Claudio Leonardi. Firenze: SISMEL, 1998. Pp. 735-780.
Speaks of republican interpretation of history of Rome by Florentines.

F.199. Theiner, Augustin. Codex Diplomaticus Domini Temporalis S. Sedis. Roma: Vaticano, 1861.
Urban and Clement's l etters to Charles about need for good government.

F.200. Theseider, Eugenio Duprè. Roma dal Comune di Popolo alla Signoria Pontifica (1252-1377). Bologna: Capelli, 1952.
Noting Charles of Angiò used white/gold French lilies.

F.201. °Thompson, Augustine O.P. Cities of God: The Religion of the Italian Comunes 1125-1325. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2005.

F.202. Toynbee, Paget. Dantis Alagherii Epistolae. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1966.

F.203. °Vasaturo, R.N. 'Vallombrosa: note storiche'. In Vasaturo, G, Morozzi, G. Marchine & . Baldini. Vallombrosa. Firenze: Giorgi & Gambi, 1973. Pp- 60-61, 77.
Good account of Abbot Tesauro de Beccaria of Vallombrosa with fine documentation.

F.205. °Villani, Filippo. Le Vite d'uomini illustri fiorentini. A cura di Giammaria Mazzuchelli. Firenze: Magheri, 1826: Roma, Multigrafica Editrice, 1980.

F.208. Villari, Pasquale. I primi due secoli della storia di Firenze. Firenze: Sansoni, 1893. Trans. Linda Villari as The Two First Centuries of Florentine History: The Republic and Parties at the Time of Dante. London: Unwin, 1908. Rpt. New York: AMS, 1975.

F.209. Weise, Berthold and Erasmo Pércopo. Geschichte der italienischen Literatur von den ältesten Beiten bis zur Gegenwart. Leipzig, 1899.
Discuss, reproduce, Archivio di Stato di Siena, 20 April, 11 June, 1254, Peace between Siena and Florence, BL writes, pp- 55-65.

F.210. Weiss, Roberto. 'Lineamenti per una storia del primo umanismo fiorentino'. Rivista storica italiana 60 (1948), 349-66.

F.211. Weiss, Roberto. The Spread of Italian Humanism. London: Hutchinson, 1964.
Discusses function of Latin Secretary of State. A study is needed of this political role and its relations to poets, e.g. BL, DA, Chaucer, Wyatt, Milton, Dryden, Marvell, all of whom were both diplomats and literary writers.

F.212. Wieruszowski, Helene. 'Ars dictaminis in the time of Dante'. MH 1 (1943), 95-108. Also in F152.

F.213. °Wieruszowski, Helene. 'Conjuraciones y alianzas políticas del rey Pedro de Aragón contra Carlos de Anjou antes de la Visperas Sicilianas: Nuevas documentos procedentes del Archivio de la Corona de Aragón'. Boletin de la Real Academia de la Historia 107 (1935), 547-587.

F.216. °Witt, Ronald G. 'Brunetto Latini and the Italian Tradition of ars dictaminis'. Stanford Italian Review (Spring 1983), 5-24.
Useful survey of material on BL and rhetoric. Does not relate this to Dante.

F.217. Witt, Ronald G. Hercules at the Crossroads: The Life, Works and Thought of Coluccio Salutati. Durham: North Carolina: Duke University Press, 1983.

F.218. Witt, Ronald G. 'Latini, Lovato and the Revival of Antiquity'. DaSt 112 (1994), 53-59.
Notes Albertano da Brescia's revival of antiquity in opposition to French chivalry, followed by BL's use of Cicero.

F.219. Witt, Ronald G. 'Medieval Ars dictaminis and the Beginnings of Humanism: A New Construction of the Problem'. Renaissance Quarterly 35 (1982), 3-5.
On Dante's stilus rhetoricus.

F.220. Yowell, Donna L. 'Ugolino's "bestial segno": The De vulgari eloquentia in Inferno XXXII-XXXIII'. DaSt 104 (1986), 121-143.

F.221. Zabbia, Marino. 'Formation et culture des notaires (XIe-XIVe siècle)'. Cultures italiennes (XIIe-XVe siècles). A cura di Isabelle Heullant-Donat. Paris: Cerf, 2000. Pp. 297-324, esp. 314.
Discusses notary as validated by Emperor or Pope (or Comune), relation to ars dictaminis.

F.222. Zingarelli, Nicola. La vita, i tempi e le opere di Dante. Milano: Vallardi, 1931.
On cursus of letter to Pavia, p. 42.

F.223. Zumthor, Paul. Langue, texte, énigme. Paris: Seuil, 1975.
'Dans la rhétorique en français qu'il integra vers 1265 à son Tresor il présente le dessein rhétorique comme un projet d'éducation de la classe politique des villes italiennes', p. 99.

G. Didactic Allegory, Cosmography, Bestiaries and Encyclopedism

Laurentian Library, Plut. 42.19, Brunetto Latino, IlTesoro, folio 72

Both Il Tesoretto and Li Livres dou Tresor are encyclopedic works, written in the manner of Isidore, Vincent de Beauvais and the Chartrian poets. For the debate among the critics concerning BL's didactic allegorization, see D. Wieruszowski (C.71) discusses BL's cosmology, pp. 177-85. Sources to investigate concerning these matters are Ptolemy/Alfraganus, Almagest (Jb,La1) and Petrus Alfonsi (Jb). Chabaille (C.39) and Degenhart (Ia) are useful for visual evidence of cosmology and allgeory. In relation to this material one should look also at Francesco da Barberino (LaII), Scherillo (E), pp- 212-21, and Fauriel (E), pp. 290-91. See also Billanovich, Giuseppe, Maria Prandi, Claudio Scarpati. 'Lo "Speculum" di Vincenzo di Beauvais et la letteratura italiana dell'età gotica'. Italia medievale e umanistica XIX (1976), 89-170 (Jb).

For material concerning the mappaemundi (which BL gained largely from his encounter with Arabic scholaship at the court of Alfonso el Sabio, specifically his knowledge of Alfraganus' Almagest which he will teach to DA, C.85, p. xxiii, 152), see Gaston Paris (E), pp. 139-44; Michael C. Andrew, 'The Study and Classification of Medieval Mappae Mundi', Archeologia 75 (1926), 61-76; Abraham bar Hiyya, La obra 'Forma de la tierra', ed. José Millás Vallicrosa, Madrid, 1965; Konrad Miller, Mappae Arabicae, Stuttgart, 1927; Mappaemundi, 1896-98; George Sarton, 'Konrad Miller: Mappae Arabicae', Isis 9 (1927), 458-62; Joachim Lelewel, Géographie du Moyen Age, Brussels, 1852, 2 vols. These are studies of the visual representation of the world; however, BL is also copying Ptolemy/Alfraganus in his verbal mapping of the world's geography. This trait can be observed also in the Roman de la Rose and the Commedia which are called mappae mundi by an early commentator, Laurent de Premierfait (for which see John V. Fleming, The 'Roman de la Rose': A Study in Allegory and Iconography, Princeton: University Press, 1969, p. 18), and in the Travels of Sir John Mandeville, who says his book was checked against a mappae mundi by the Pope upon his return. Visually BL's maps in Il tesoretto (Laurenziano Strozziano 146, Ba.1) and Tresor (Douce 319, BbI.22) are upside.down in the Arabic manner (C.85,C.99).

A brief note on the Chartrians: R.W. Southern has pointed out that 'Chartrian' is really a nineteenth-century term for a group of Neoplatonists actually centred in Paris but whose names coincidentally associated them with Chartres. Important studies on the body of material connected with twelfth-century Neoplatonists in France include: Brain Stock, The Myth of Science in the Twelfth Century: A Study of Bernardus Sylvester, Princeton: University Press, 1972; Winthrop Wetherbee, ed. and trans. The Cosmographia of Bernardus Silvestris, New York: Columbia University Press, 1973. Earlier material includes A. Clerval, Les Ecoles de Chartres au Moyen Age du Ve au XVIe siècle, Chartres: Mémoires de la Societé Archéologique, 1895; Charles Homer Haskins, The Renaissance of the Twelfth Century, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1927; Reginald Lane Poole, Illustrations of the History of Medieval Thought, London: Willian & Wingate, 2nd ed., 1920. Surprisingly, George P. Economou, The Goddess Natura in Medieval Literature, Cambridge, Mass.;  Harvard University Press, 1972, omits BL's Tesoretto and its depiction of Natura. The affinity between BL's writings and the English Piers Plowman is due to their sharing of the French vision material which in the twelfth century was written in Latin, in the thirteenth-fourteenth centuries in the vernacular and which used a vision framework in which to present their didactic encyclopedism. For this see the Roman de la Rose and also John Fleming's The 'Roman de la Rose'. BL is both a Neoplatonist 'Chartrian' and a scholastic Aristotelian. It had been Boethius' dream to reconcile Plato and Aristotle. BL uses Platonism for Il tesoretto, Aristotelianism for his Tresor, and is comfortable with both. So also is DA.

G.2. Antonelli, Roberto, Paolo Canettieri, Arianna Punzi. 'L"enkyklios paideia" in Dante'. Studi sul canone letterario del Trecento. Per Michelangelo Picone. Ed. Johannes Bartuschat e Luciano Rossi. Ravenna: Longo Editore, 2003. Pp. 33-42.
Discusses paideia of Brunetto, Dante, Boccaccio as copia.

G.3. Baldacci, Osvaldo. 'La terra sferica in prosa e rima toscane (Secc. XIII-XV)'. CeS, 114.29 (1990), 201-210.
Discusses John of Sacrobosco, De sphaera mundi, influence of BL on DA, Francesco da Barberino.

G.4. Barański, Zygmunt G. 'Dante fra "sperimentalismo" e "enciclopedismo"'. L'enciclopedismo medievale. A cura di Michelangelo Picone. Ravenna: Longo Editore, 1994. Pp. 383-404. Rpbl. as  'La vocazione enciclopedica'. Dante e i segni: Saggi per una storia intellettuale di Dante Alighieri. Napoli, Liguori, 2000. Pp. 77-101.

G.5. Barański, Zygmunt G. 'La lezione exegetica di Inferno I: Allegoria, storia e letteratura nella Commedia'. Dante e le forme dell'Allegoria. A cura di Michelangelo Picone. Ravenna: Longo, 1987. Pp. 79-97, esp. 87.
On allegorical dream vision form of Tesoretto and Commedia.

G.6. *Battelli, Guido. 'Segreti di magia in un codice del Tesoro di BL'. AR 7 (1923), 337-48.
Cited, Mattalía (E), p. 44.

G.7. Beltrami, Piero G. 'Appunti su vicende del 'Tresor': composizione, letture, riscritture', L'enciclopedismo medievale, a cura di Michelangelo Picone (Ravenna: Longo, 1994), 311-328

G.8. °Bolton Holloway, Julia. 'The Round Earth's Imagined Corners'. In Misconceptions about the Middle Ages. Ed. Stephen J. Harris and Bryon L. Grigsby http://www.the-orb.net/non_spec/missteps/ch7.html and http://www.umilta.net/round.html

*G.9. Brusegan, R. 'L'énumeration et les chiffres: du Roman de la Rose au Tesoretto'. Létterature 130 (2003), 48-67.

     G.9.Rev. °YWMLS 2004/2006, p. 77.

*G.10. Capaccioni, Francesco. 'La nature des animaux nel Tresor di Brunetto Latini. Indagine sulle fonti'. Bestiaires médiévaux. Nouvelles perspectives sur les manuscrits et les traditions textuelles. Communications présentées au XVe colloque de la Société internationale renardienne (Louvain-la-Neuve, 19-22.08.2003). Ed. Baudouin Van den Abeele. Louvain-la-Neuve, Université catholique de Louvain (Publications de l'Institut d'études médiévales. Textes, études, congrès, 21). 2005. Pp. 31-47.
Cited, Laurent Brun.

G10.Rev. °YWMLS 2005/2007, p. 78.

*G.11. Capelli, Luigi Mario. Primi studi sulle enciclopedie medievali: Le fonti delle enciclopedie latine del XII secolo: Saggio critico. Modena: Namias, 1897.
Cited, Testa (C7), #20, p. 88.

G.12. Charpentier, Hélène. 'Le Livre dou Tresor de BL. Mythe de rejeunissement ou idéal d'experience'. Vieillesse et vieillissement au Moyen-Age. Aix-en-Provence: CUERMA Université de Provence, 1987.
On age and youth among Biblical figures, in bestiary, in politics.

G.13. Cian, Vittoria. 'Vivaldo Belcazar e l'enciclopedismo italiano delle origini'. GSLI, Supplement, 1902. Torino: Loescher, 1902.
Has also published on BL in *Varietà dugentesche, Pisa, 1901.

G.14. Costa, Elio. 'Il Tesoretto di BL e la tradizione medievale'. Dante e le forme dell'allegoria. Ed. Michelangelo Picone. Ravenna: Longo, 1987. Pp. 43-58.
On integumentum.

G.15. Denis, M. Ferdinand. Le Monde enchanté: Cosmographie et histoire naturelle fantastique du Moyen Age. Paris: Fournier, 1345. Rpt. New York: Burt Franklin, n.d. Pp. 48, 125-70.

G.17. De Poli, Luigi. 'Formes de la Prudence de BL à Dante'. La representation de la Prudence: Actes du Colloque, Université de Haute Alsace, 5 mars 1999. Chroniques italiennes 60 (1999), 45-56.
On DA's use of Prudence from BL/Cicero. Also discusses meanings of gems in their texts from lapidaries.

*G.18. Deyermond, Alan. 'El Alejandro medieval, el Ulises de Dante y la búsqueda de las Antipodas'. Maravillas, peregrinaciones y utopias. Literature de viajes en el mundo románico. Ed. Rafael Beltrán. València: Universitat de València, 2002. Pp. 15-32.

G.19. Frati, Carlo. 'Re Enzo e un'antica versione di due tratti di falconeria'. Miscellanea tassoniana. Ed. Tommaso Casini. Modena: Formiggini, 1908. Pp. 61-81.

G.20. °Goetz, Walter. 'BL un die arabische Wissenschaft'. Deutsches Dante-Jahrbuch 21 (1939), 101-30.
Considers BL's sojourn in Spain too brief for exposure to Arabic materials.

G.21. Gómez Moreno, Ángel. 'La perdix en la literatura, el folklore e el arte: a proposito de una charla sobre Brunetto Latini'. Quadernos de Filologia italiana 6 (2000), pp. 85-98.
Discusses partridge in BL's Bestiary and elsewhere.

G.22. °Jauss, Hans Robert. 'BL als allegorischer Dichter'. In Formenwandel: Festschrift zur 65. Geburtstag von Paul Böckmann. Hamburg: Hoffmann & Campe, 1964. Pp. 47-92. 'Brunetto Latini poeta allegorico'. Alterità e modernità della litteratura medievale. Torino: Bollati Bolighieri, 1989. Pp. 135-174.
A major discussion of Il tesoretto. Speaks of French allegory of Chartrians coming into contact with Tuscan tradition of teaching rhetoric, resulting in Tesoretto, and sees this work as Boethian Menippian key to Tresor. Excellent bibliographical notes. See also D.

G.23. Langlois, Charles Victor. La Connaissance de la nature et du monde au Moyen Age d'après quelques écrits français à l'usage des laïcs. Paris: Hachette, 1927. Vol. III.
Important also for source studies, noting the use of Philippe de Thaon, Image du monde, and encyclopedia of Bartholomaeus Anglicus, De proprietatibus rerum, the romance of Sidrach in an Italian version, and Plato's Timaeus in medieval material. Final essay dedicated to Tresor. See BgII. on Minckwitz.

*G.24. Malaxecheverria, Ignacio. 'L'hydre et le crocodile médiévaux'. Romance Notes 21 (1980-1981), 376-380.
Notes Pierre le Picard and E.N. Ham, 'The Cambrai Bestiary', MP 36 (1939). Compares with BL, Tresor.

 G.25. Marigo, Aristide. 'Lo Speculum ed il Tresor: cultura letteraria e preumanistica nelle maggiori enciclopedie del Dugento'. GSLI 68 (1916), 1-42, 289-326, esp. 315-16.
Discusses Isidore and Cicero as influences upon Tresor. A splendidly learned article.

G.26. Martinez Perez, A. 'Li Livres dou Tresor de BL y su caràcter divulgados'. Il Duecento, Actas del IV Congreso Nacional di Italianisti. Universidad di Santiago de Compostela 24-26 Marzo de 1988. Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 1989. Pp. 469-476.
On education and encyclopedism.

G.27. Maurice, Jean. '"Croyances populaires" et "histoire" dans le Livre des animaux: jeux de polyphonie dans un bestiare de la seconde moitié du XIIIe siècle'. Romania 441-442:3 (1990), 153-178.
On the mixture of realism and fantasy, the latter treated sceptically, in BL's Li Livre dou Tresor.

G.28. Maurice, Jean. 'La formule "Et sachiés que", indice de la spécificité de "Livre des animaux" de BL'. Romania 106:3-4 (1985), 527-538.
On BL, Bestiary formula.

*G.29. Maurice, Jean. 'La place du Livre des animaux de Brunetto Latini dans la tradition médiévaux'. Bestiarien im Spannunsfeld zwischen Mittelalter und Moderne. Ed. Gisela Febel and Egorg Maag. Tübingen, 1997. Pp. 40-47.
Cited, Laurent Brun.

*G.30. Maurice, Jean. 'Signes animaux au XIIIe siècle dans les bestiaires moralisés e dans le bestiaire "enciclopedique" de Brunetto Latini'. L'animalité: Hommes et anuimaux dans la littérature française. Ed. A. Nidert. Tűbingen, Narr (Etudes littéraires françaises, 61), 1994. Pp. 39-54.

*G.31. Mazzotta, Giuseppe. 'Poetry and Encyclopedia'. Dante's Vision and the Circle of Knowledge. Princeton: University Press, 1993. Pp. 15-33.

*G.32. Meier, Christel. 'Cosmos politicus. Der Funktionswandel der Enzyklopädie bei Bruno Latini'. Frühmittelalterliche Studien 18 (1988), 315-356.
Cited, Laurent Brun, Venturi (Da).

*G.33. Meier, Christel. 'Vom Homo Coelestis zum Homo Faber. Die Reorganisation der mittelalterlichen Enzyklopädie für neue Gebrauchesfunktionen bei Vinzenz von Beauvais und Brunetto Latini'. Pragmatische Schriftlichkeit im Mittelalter, Erscheinungsformen und Entwicklungesstufen. Akten des Internationalen Kolloquiums 17-19 Mai 1989. Ed. Hagen Keller, Klaus Grubmüller and Nikolaus Staubach. München: Fink, 1992. Münstersche Mittelalter-Schriften 65. Pp. 157-175.
Cited, Laurent Brun.

*G.34. Meyer, C. 'BL e la scuola di Chartres'. Atroposofia 7-9 (1947), 207-14.
Cited Mattalía (E), p. 44; Costa (E).

*G.35. Meyer, Paul. 'Les bestiaires'. Histoire littéraire de la France. Paris: Imprimerie nationale, 1915. XXXIV.362-390, esp. 389.
Cited, Laurent Brun.

G.36. °Minutelli, Sonia. “La cosmografia figurata nei codici in volgare del ‘Tesoro’ di Brunetto Latini”. Tesi, Università degli Studi di Udine, 2003-2004. CDs

G.37. Orr, M.A, (Mrs John Evershed). Dante and the Early Astronomers. Introduction, Barbara Reynolds. London:  Wingate, 1956. First publ., 1913.
Despite belief that BL knew Roger Bacon personally (see M, N4), an excellent account of BL's life, writings, influence on Dante astronomical knowledge.

G.39. Payen, H.C. 'Li Livre philosophique et de moralité d'Alard de Cambrai'. R 87 (1966), 145-74.
Relates to Tresor, esp. pp. 168-74.

G.40. Renucci, Paul. L'aventure de l'humanisme européen au Moyen Age. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1953.
Discusses Franco-Italian 'translatio studi'. Mentions Taddeo di Alderotto's move to Bologna from Florence. Notes that Gerard of Cremona was also at Bologna as well as in Spain, and, p. 144, that BL, writing Tresor in French, was following well-established custom. Discusses Roman de la Rose, p. 148, noting that Detto d'amore is in same hand as Fiore. Relates these to Tesoretto. For Taddeo di Alderotti, see also Ke.

G.41. Vasoli, Cesare. 'Il "Convivio" di Dante e l'encicpedismo medievale'. L'enciclopedismo medievale. Atti Del Convegno 'L'enciclopedismo Medievale'. San Gimignano, 8-10 Ottobre 1992. A cura di Michelangelo Picone. Ravenna: Longo Editore, 1994. Pp. 363-381.
Tresor, 'la chiave' di Dante, p. 373.

*G.42. Voisenet, J. 'L'espace domestique chez les auteurs du Moyen Age d'Isidore de Séville à Brunetto Latini'. L'homme, l'animal domestique et l'environment du Moyen Age au XVIIIe siècle. Ed. P. Durand. Nantes: Oest Editions, 1993. Pp. 42-3.
On Brunetto and ecology.

H. Languages and Linguistics.

Like John Gower, whom he influenced (F, LcIII), BL is a trilingual writer. His Tresor is in Picard French, albeit with Italianisms and Latinisms, Orazioni, Tesoretto and Rettorica in Italian (Pozzi notes his gallicisms in Tesoretto, C.73), his letters of state in Latin. His reason for writing Tresor in French, though it is clearly about Florentine civic policy, is because that is the lingua franca (particularly of Charles of Anjou for whom it was intended). Sir John Mandeville and Marco Polo likewise were to give this as their reason for writing in French rather than their own vernaculars. See, concerning this, Josephine Waters Bennett, The Rediscovery of Sir John Mandeville, New York: MLA, 1954, who finds that Mandeville really was an Englishman and that the best manuscripts of his work are Anglo-Norman and in English libraries; chauvinist Belgian scholars in the nineteenth century claimed him as a Belgian, only pretending to be English. As for BL's use of Italian, he is a major early Florentine writer, thus shaping (especially through his teaching of Dante) the Italian language. For this reason the Accademia della Crusca made use of his works for its Vocabolario (H) in the manner that Furnivall and Murray were later to do with medieval English texts for the Oxford English Dictionary. Chabaille (B.39), p. xxvi, notes that Du Cange used Tresor: see Glossarium mediae et infimae latinitati, Index auctorum, X, xv. Concerning the use of Latin and the vernacular in this period see Michail Baktin, Rabelais and his World, trans. Hélène Iswolsky, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 1968; Woflram von Steinem, 'Das mittelalterliche Latein als historisches Phänomen', Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Geschichte 7 (1957), 1-27; Dante's comments in VE and Convivio. See Pézard (LbIV), who claims that DA considers BL a traitor to Italian for writing in French. We know now that BL also wrote an Italian version of Tresor; apart from the Latin documents of state, all his other works are also in Italian. He was influenced by Alfonso el Sabio's vernacular writings and in turn influences DA to use Florentine vernacular. Pézard's charge is unfounded. The remainder of BL's Italian writings, other than La rettorica and Il tesoretto, need a critical edition for philological work. See Carducci (E).

H.1. Armour, Peter. 'Brunetto, the Stoic Pessimist'. DaSt 112 (1994), 1-18.
Notes 'settenari baciati' verse of Tesoretto, closest in Italian to rhymed octocyllables of Roman de la Rose, p. 13.

H.2. Cornish, Alison. Vernacular Translation in Dante's Italy: Illiterate Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
Study of volgarizzamenti in Italian and French manuscripts.

    H.2.Rev. Bolton Holloway, Julia. MLR. Forthcoming.

H.3. Cura Curà, Giulio. 'A proposito di BL volgarizzatore: osservazioni sulle "Pro Marcello". La Parola del Testo 1 (2002), 27-52.
Close analysis of BL's translation from Cicero.

H.4. Dardano, M. Lingua e tecnica narrativa nel Duecento. Roma: Bulzoni, 1969. Pp. 46-89.
Discusses I Fiori e vita di filosafi ed altri savi ed imperadori, notes Trajan story from Vincent of Beauvais, Speculum historiale, also John of Salisbury, Policraticus. Cites MSS, *Cod. Estensis VII.B.8; *Ricc. 2280, BNF, Conv. Soppr. F.IV.776, *Magl. IX.10.61 (did this become Biblioteca Nazionale, II.II.72?)

H.5. *Dembowsky, P.F. 'Learned Latin Treatises in French'. Viator 14 (1986), 257.
Cited, Venturi (C.8).

H.6. Dionisotti, C. 'Tradizione classica e volgarizzamenti'. Geografia e storia della letteratura italiana. Torino: Einaudi, 1967.
Overview of Fiore question.

H.7. Fissi, Rosetta Maria. '"Onde filos e Sofia" (Convivio III, xi,5 e Rettorica 17.6)' StD 51 (1978), 179-214.
States that Dante derives this from BL, and counters Parodi's 'una glossa grossalana'.

H.8. Gentili, Sonia. 'Cerberos quasi kreaboros': i scuia/ingoia in Inf. VI.18'. Cultura Neolatina 57: 1-2 (1997), 103-146.
Lexicographical study.

H.9. Kelly, Douglas. 'Translatii Studii: Translation, Adaptation and Allegory in Medieval French Literature', PQ 57 (1978), 287 ff.
P. 292, notes BL quotes Geoffrey of Vinsauf's Poetria Nova on Iseut's beauty.

H.10. Messelaar, P.A. Le Vocabulaire des idées dans le 'Tresor' de Brunet Latin. Assen: Van Gorcum, 1963.
Takes up Paul Zumthor's challenge in 'Pour une histoire du vocabulaire française des idées', ZRP 72 (1956), p. 350. Notes problems in dealing in this way with a bilingual author.

H.10.Rev. Höfler, M. ZRP 81 (1964), 364-70.

H.11. Meyer, Paul. 'De l'expansion de la langue française en Italie pendant le Moyen Age'. Atti del Congresso internazionale di Scienze storiche IV. Roma, 1903, pp. 61-104, esp. p. 94.
Discusses dialects of Europe and reasons for BL's use of French. Arsenal MS 3645, among others, is composed in French in Italian hand of 13-14 C.

H.12. Migliorini, Bruno. Storia della lingua italiana. Firenze: Sansoni, 1963.
Briefly discusses importance of BL and language, as notary, as writer in French and Italian, as translator of Cicero, as teacher of Dante.

*H.13. Morreale, Margherita. 'Apèuntes para la histroia de la traduccion en la Edad Meda'. Revista de Literature 15 (1959), 3-10.
Cited, Barrette/Baldwin (C.98).

H.14. Parodi, Ernesto Giacomo. Lingua e letteratura: studi di teoria, linguistica e di storia dell'italiano antico. A cura di Gianfranco Folena, Preface, Alfredo Schiaffini. Venezia: Neri Pozzi, 1957. Vol. II.
Linguistic discussion of BL, DA, p. 368; notes that BL and others discuss Jason, Argonautica, from Aristotle, p. 441. Chapter II, DA, BL and cursus in epistles.

H.15. Perticari di Savignano, Giulio. Opere. Bologna: Guidi, 1838. 2 vols. Rpt. Torino: Salesiano, 1876.
Typtical Risorgimento work describing consciousness of Italy forged through her literature. Desires an academic purity of language. Discusses Tesoro and Tesoretto in linguistic terms. Notes that Tesoro editions are corrupt, and stresses need to correct for revised Vocabolario della Crusca (H).

H.16. Perugi, Maurizio. '"La parleüre plus delitable", Osservazioni sulla lingua del "Tresor"'. A scuola con Ser Brunetto, ed. Maffia Scariati (Db.4), 493-513.

H.17. Ricciardi, Micaela. 'Aspetti retorico-stilistici del volgarizzamento della "Pro Ligario" di BL'. Critica letteraria 9 (1981), 266-92.

H.18. Richards, Earl Jeffrey. Dante and the 'Roman de la Rose': An Investigation into the Vernacular Narrative Context of the 'Commedia'. Tübingen: Niemeyer, 1981. Beihefte sur ZRP 184.
A substantially revised form of his 1978 Princeton Ph.D. diss., 'Dante's Commedia and its Vernacular Narrative Context' (DAI 78 [1978-79], 2250). A careful, controversial and sometimes brilliant analysis of the relationship between the Tesoretto and the Commedia. For further material on this subject, see his bibliography, pp. 109-116.

H.19. Salviati, Lionardo. Avvertimenti della lingua sopra il Decamerone. Venezia: Guerra, 1584.
Discusses MSS and printed edition, and notes that the language is not Provençal. Also discusses Taddeo di Alderotto, II, 106. See also Ke.

H.20. Sanchez Gonzalez de Herrero, Maria Nieves. 'Testimonios medievales de la version castellana del "Libro del Tesoro" de Brunetto Latini'. A scuola con Ser Brunetto, ed. Maffia Scariati (Db.4), 177-184.

H.21. Segre, Cesare. 'La sintassi del periodo nei primi prosatori italiani (Guittone, Brunetto, Dante)' e 'La "Rettorica" di BL'. Lingua, stile e società. Studi sulla storia della prosa italiana. Milano: Feltrinelli, 1974. Pp. 176-226.
Close discussion of syntax of BL's Italian texts.

H.22. Spogli elettronici dell'italiano delle origini e del Duecento. II. Forme. A cura di Mario L. Alinei. I. Prose Fiorentine. A cura di A. Schiaffini. The Hague: Mouton, 1968.
Electronic vocabulary, concordance of the 'Tesoro dell'italiano delle origini'.

*H.23. Thomas, Joannes. 'Brunetto Latinis Übersetzung der drei "Caesarianae". Pro Marcello, Pro Ligario, Pro Rege Deiotaro: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der italienischen Sprache des Duecento'. Diss. Cologne, 1969. Pp. 312.
Lexical analysis.

H.23.Rev. Vineiss, Edoardo. 'BL traduttore: a proposito di un recente studio'. LN 31 (1970), 75-82.

H.24. Violante-Picon, Isabel. 'Pensée de la langue e langue poétique. L'appropriation de la langue à partir du "De vulgari eloquentia"'.  Ecriture et modes de pensée au Moyen Age. Etudes rassemblées par D. Boutet et L. Harf–Lancner.  Paris, Presses de l'Ecole Normale Supérieure. Pp. 105-114.
Discusses BL in the light of Pezard (LbIV).

I. Art

This section is divided into materials associated with Il tesoretto illuminations, Li Livres dou Tresor illuminations, the Bargello portrait by Giotto of BL and DA and other portraits, and DC illuminations of BL and DA, Inferno XV. Of value to the Tesoretto, Tesoro illluminations are studies of Francesco da Barberino's miniatures to his writings (LaII); illuminations to DA, DC, such as Peter Brieger, Millard Meiss and Charles Singleton, Illuminated Manuscripts of the 'DC', Princeton: University Press, 1969 (Id), and G. Biagi, La 'DC' nella figurazione artistica e nel secolare comento, Torino: UTET, 1924, 3 vols (LbIIIA ). See also John V. Fleming, The 'Roman de la Rose': A Study in Allegory and Iconography, and Pierre Courcelle, 'La Consolation de Philosophie' dans la tradition littéraire, Paris: Etudes Augustiennes, 1967, which give plates demonstrating the iconography of related texts. Bolton Holloway (B ) in her art appendix, pp. 151-61, gives Tesoretto illuminations and in Twice-Told Tales (E ) gives Tesoro ones; likewise Helene Wieruszowski (C.71) gives MSS illuminations for Tesoro, following p. 190, from Firenze, Biblioteca Nazionale, II.VIII.36 and Biblioteca Laurenziana. Plut.42.19, fols 62, 72, and 12, the last showing BL teaching students (BbII). Chabaille (C.39) gives engravings of Li Livres dou Tresor's cosmographical illuminations. Consult also Stefano Bottari, 'Per la cultura di Oderisi da Gubbio e di Franco Bolognese' in Dante e Bologna nei tempi di Dante, Bologna: Carducci, 1967, pp. 54-59; and Skinner (F). While Douglas P. Lackey, 'Giotto's Mirror', Studi danteschi, 66 (2001), pp. 243-253, does not mention BL, he ably shows influence on Giotto's Arena Chapel Virtues and Vices in grisaille as from Cicero, and notes Francesco da Barberino's comments on these, 1308. We should also look, in this continuum, from Alfonso el Sabio, Las Cantigas de Santa Maria, Brunetto Latino, Li Livres dou Tresor and Il Tesoro, Dante Alighieri, Commedia, at Convenevole da Prato, Biblioteca Nazionale, Banco Rari 38, MS produced for King Robert d'Angiò. BL associated with an earlier Convenovole da Prato, likely the father. Likewise, Ser Francesco da Barberino (LaII) is associated with the production of Dante manuscripts as well as of his own, Christopher de Hamel, A History of Illuminated Manuscripts, Oxford: Phaidon, 1986, pp. 143-144.

On the Arnolfo di Cambio statue of Carlo d'Angiò, etc., see Valerio Mariani, Arnolfo di Cambio, Roma: Tumminelli, 1943, Arnolfo e il gotico italiano, Napoli, 1967; Angiola Maria Romanini, Arnolfo di Cambio e lo 'stil novo' del gotico italiano, Milano: Casa Editrice Ceschina, 1969; Arnolfo alle origini del Rinascimento fiorentino, Firenze: Polistampa, 2005; La Toscana di Arnolfo: Storia, arte, architettura, urbanistica, paesaggi, ed. Italo Moretti, Cinzia Nenci, Giuliano Into, 2003.

Ia. Il tesoretto and Tesoro Illuminations

Ia.2. °Ciardi Duprè Dal Poggetto, Maria Grazia. 'Nuove ipotesi di lavoro scaturite dal rapporto testo-immagine nel 'Tesoretto' di Brunetto Latini. Rivista di Storia della Miniature, 1-2 (1996-1997). Atti del IV Congresso di Storia della Miniatura 'Il codice miniato laico: rapporto tra testo e immagine. Cortona: Sala dei Convegni di Sant'Agostino, 12-14 novembre 1992. Firenze: Centro Di, 1996-97. Società internazionale di studi di storia della miniatura. Pp. 89-98.

Ia.3. Ciccuto, Marcello. 'Premesso al "Tesoretto" di Brunetto Latini', Il restauro dell''Intelligenza' e altri studi dugenteschi, Pisa, 1985, pp. 141-58.
Good on sources, especially Alanus de Lille. Also discusses Inf. XV, as a sort of 'Lectura Dantis'.

Ib. Li Livres dou Tresor Illuminations

Ic. Giotto portrait

F. Villani (F & Ic) discusses the Giotto portrait of DA and BL. Barlow (E), p. 431, notes Vasari on this portrait. Ortolan (M) and Denis (G) also discuss this portrait in the Bargello by Giotto, Ortolan mentioning that Dante's tomb at Ravenna has BL in a medallion, also Virgil. Davidsohn's Italian edition (F), II, pl. 24, gives a later portrait of BL, one of a series done in the Renaissance of famous Florentines. More work needs to be done on Franco da Bologna and Oderisi da Gubbio, contemporary illuminators to BL and DA (whom DA mentions, Purg. X), for the light they could throw on BL book production. Both were associated with Bologna. Could the illuminations of MSS in Madrid be theirs?

Ic.1. D'Ancona, Alessandro. 'Il rittratto giottescho'. Scritti dantesci. Firenze: Sansoni, n.d. Pp. 552-58.
Discusses controversy over Seymour Kirkup's restoration of Bargello fresco; see also the Letters of Elizabeth Barrett Browning, ed. Frederick Kenyon, New York: Macmillan, 1899, I, p. 440.

Ic.2. Gombrich, E.H. 'Giotto's Portrait of Dante?' Burlington Magazine 121 (1979), 471-483.
Questions tradition.

Ic.3. Holbrook, Richard. Portraits of Dante from Giotto to Raffael: A Critical Study with a Concise Iconography. London: Warner, 1911.
Good, full account. Bargello fresco painted, 1336, when Fidesmini da Verano was podestà, therefore not contemporary with BL.

Ic.4. Sirén, Osvald. Giotto and Some of his Followers. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1917.
Discusses Giotto portrait of DA and BL, p. 29.

Ic.5. Vasari, Giorgio. 'Giotto' In Vite de' artefici: prose scelte. Milano; Sonzagno, 1884. P. 114. Trans. A.B. Hinds, as The Lives of the Painters, Sculptors and Architects. London: Dent, 1900. Temple Classics.
Tells of Giotto painting portraits of DA, Corso Donati and himself in Bargello Maddalena Chapel.

Ic.6. °Villani, Filippo. Le vite d'uomini illustri fiorentini. Ed. Gianmaria Mazzuchelli. Venezia: Pasquali; Accademia della Crusca, 1747.
Notes, p. lxxxi, that Giotto portrait was done with mirrors. The remains of Bargello painting are now said to be Last Judgment with DA and BL  in Paradise or of the comune. Notes, p. lxxxii, that Taddeo di Gaddo, Giotto's godchild, has portraits of Giotto, Dante and Guido Cavalcanti at Santa Croce.

However, the MSS incipit initials with their portraits, especially those dated in the thirteenth century and produced in BL workshops, are more likely to present a truer portrait of BL. I especially trust those in the Laurentian Strozziano 146 (Ba.1), illuminated in the same style as Francesco da Barberino's Documenti d'amore (LaII.MSS). FB was BL's student. See also Fornari (LbIV).

Id. Inferno XV miniatures

Id.1. °Brieger, Peter, Millard Meiss & Charles Singleton. Illuminated MSS of the 'DC'. Princeton: University Press, 1969. 2 vols.
Should be used with Biagi (LbIIIA) to study MSS iconography.

Id.2. Ginsberg, Warren. '"E chinando la mano a la sua faccia": A Note on Dante, BL and their Text'. Stanford Italian Review 1 (1985), 19-
Uses manuscript illuminations to explicate text.

J. Sources

These are divided into three sections: a. Classical and Patristic, b. Medieval and Arabic, c. Theme of Treasure. In the second a problem exists. A cluster of materials centres upon both the Roman de la Rose, which perhaps precedes BL in time, and upon the sonnet supposed to have been written by DA, 'Questa pulzeletta', which belongs in the section on Influences, specifically LbI. The reader is asked to refer to both these sections when researching either problem. For Roman de la Rose and Fiore materials see also the bibliographies of Neri (Da), pp. 43-44, and V. Biagi (LbI), pp. 61-72.

Good background works are Ernst R. Curtius, Europaïsche Literatur und lateinisches Mittelalter, Berne: Francke, 1948, trans., Williard R. Trask, as European Literature and the Latin Middle Ages, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul; Princeton: University Press, Bollingen Series 36, 1953; C.S. Lewis, The Discarded Image: An Introduction to Medieval and Renaissance Literature, Cambridge: University Press, 1964.; E.K. Rand, Founders of the Middle Ages, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1928; Robert O. Payne, The Key of Remembrance: A Study of Chaucer's Poetics, New Haven: Yale University Press, 1963, on intertextuality. See prefatory section to G on 12 C Neoplatonism. Also useful: Segre (C.77), p. 311; Carmody (C.63), pp. xxiii-xxxiiii, lvii-lxii; Carrer (C.26), p. xxii; Bertoni on Roman de la Rose in Tuscany (E), pp. 298-30; Paris (E), p. 104, noting BL's quotation from Tristan; Scherillo (E), p. 181; Cicero (F); Langlois (G); Marigo on Cicero and Isidore (G); Gentili on Aristotle translated by Alderotto (Ke).

Ja. Classical and Patristic Sources

Ja.1. °Aristotle. The Basic Works. Ed. & trans. Richard McKeon. New York: Randam House, 1941.
See also section on Taddeo di Alderotto, Ke.

Ja.2. °Aristotle. The Nicomachean Ethics. Ed. and trans, H. Rackham. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1982. Loeb 73.
Christopher de Hamel, A History of Illuminated Manuscripts (Oxford: Phaidon, 1986), notes there are 2200 extant MSS of Aristotle, 1900 of Aquinas.

Studies of medieval Aristotle by way of Arabic texts translated into Latin and the vernaculars languages are placed in Jb.

Ja.3. °Boethius, Anicius, Manlius Severinus. The Consolation of Philosophy. Trans. Richard Green. Indianapolis: Bobbs Merrill, 1962.

Ja.4. Capella, Martianus. Martianus Capella and the Seven Liberal Arts. Ed. and trans. William H. Stahl, Richard Johnson. New York: Columbia University Press, 1971. 2 vols.

Ja.5. Carmody, Francis J. 'De Bestiis et aliis rebus and the Latin Physiologus'. Sp 13 (1938), 153-59.

Ja.6. °Carmody, Francis J. 'Latin Sources of BL's World History'. Sp 11 (1936) 359-70.

Ja.7. Carmody, Francis J. 'BL's Tresor: Latin Sources on Natural Sciences'. Sp 12 (1937), 356-66.
Discusses elements and virtues, meteorology, astronomy ad calendars, giving BL's sources, classical, Arabic and medieval.

Ja.8. °Cicero, Marcus Tullius. In Catilinam 1-IV. Trans. C. Macdonald. Cambridge, Mass.; Harvard University Press, 1949. Loeb Classics 324.

Ja.9. °Cicero, Marcus Tullius. De inventione. Trans. H.M. Hubbell. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1949. Loeb Classics 386.

Ja.10. Cicero, Marcus Tullius. Laelius de amicitia. Ed. P. Fedeli. Firenze: Mondadori, 1971.
Tesoretto and, especially, Favolello discuss Ciceronian friendship.

Ja.11. °Cicero, Marcus Tullius. Orationes: Pro Milone, Pro Marcello, Pro Ligario, Pro rege Deiotati: Philippicae I-XIV. Ed. Albert Curtis Clark. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1901, 1918.

Ja.12. °[Pseudo-Cicero]. Rhetorica ad Herennium. Trans. Henry Caplan. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1954. Loeb Classics 403.
See Bibliotheca Augustana: http://www.fh-augsburg.de/~harsch/Chronologia/Lsante01/AdHerennium/rhe_h000.html

Ja.13. °Comparetti, Domenico. Virgilio nel medio evo. Firenze: Seeber, 1896. I.292-93.

Ja.14. Cura Curà, Giulio. 'A proposito di BL volgarizzatore: osservazioni sulla "Pro Marcello"'. La Parola del testo 1 (2002), 27-52.
Studies BL's 'Pro Marcello'.

Ja.15. Dares Phrygius. De excidio Troiae historia. Ed. Ferdinand Meister. Leipzig: Teubner, 1872. BSGRT.

Ja.16. Dictys Cretensis. Ephemerides belli Troiani libri. Ed, Werner Eisenhut. Leipzig: Teubner, 1958. BSGRT.

*Ja.19. Flutre, L.F. 'Li Faits des Romains' dans la litteratures française et italienne di XIIIe au XVIe siècle. Paris: Hachette, 1932.

*Ja.20. Gentili, Sonia. L'uomo aristotelico alle origini della letteratura italiana. Preface, Peter Dronke. Roma: Carocci-La Sapienza, 2005.

Kb Rustico di Filippo e Palamidesse

BL names these poets in Il favolello. See Monaci, Crestomazia (C.56): Rustico di Filippo, pp. 287-97, Palamidesse, pp. 292-97; and Poeti del Duecento (C.69), pp. 339-67. Vatican MS 3793 contains canzone and tençioni of Palamidesse Bellindoti, Guglielmo Beroardi, Rustico di Filippo, Brunetto Latino, etc. Rustico di Filippo is also spoken of by Francesco da Barberino in gloss to Documenti d'amore, ed. Francesco Egidi (Roma: Società Filologia Romana, 1905-1927), I.190-191.

        Kb.1. °Del Lungo, Isidoro. Un realisto fiorentino de' tempi di Dante: diporto per Firenze antica'. Rivista d'Italia 2:2:10 (1899), 193-212, *425ff.

        *Kb.2. Giunta, Claudio. Due saggi sulla tenzone. Padova: Antenore, 2002. Miscellanea erudita, 63.

Kb.3. Levin, Joan H. Rustico di Filippo and the Florentine Lyric Tradition. Berne: Peter Lang, 1986.

Kb.4. Maffia Scariati, Irene. 'Ser Pepo, ser Brunetto e magister Buoncompagno: il testo travestito'. Lingua nostra 65:3-4 (2004), 65-72.
Discusses Rustico di Filippo parodic tenzone and BL and other rhetoricians.

Kb.5. Marti, Mario. 'La coscienza stilistica di Rustico di Filippo e la sua poesia'. Cultura e stile nei poeti giocosi del tempo di Dante. Pisa: Lischi, 1953.

Kb.6. Marti, Mario. Con Dante fra i poeti del suo tempo. Lecce: Milella, 1971.

Kb.7. Marti, Mario. 'La coscienza stilistica di Rustico di Filippo e la sua poesia'. Cultura e stile nei poeti giocosi del tempo di Dante. Pisa: Nistri-Lischi, 1953. Pp. 41-58.

Kb.8. °Palmieri, Ruggiero. 'Palamidesse Bellindote, poeta fiorentino del sec. XIII'. Il Giornale dantesco, 2:3 (1915), 132-140.

Kb.9. Percopo, Erasmo. 'Il Fiore è di Rustico di Filippo'. RCLI 12 (1907), 49-59.
Fiore is aristocratic, Tesoretto republican; Rustico a Ghibelline, BL Guelf; Rustico in France, 1260 and 1300, could have learned of Roman de la Rose from BL; similarities with Francesco da Barberino. See Ke.

Kb.10. Piazza, Giovanni. La novella fronda. Milano: Trevesini, 1919.
I.124-143, discusses Francesco da Barberino, this circle of poets and their relations to Charles of Anjou.

Kb.11. Picone, Michelangelo. 'La Firenze di Brunetto' in 'Le città toscane'. Lo spazio letterario del Medioevo. 2 Il Medioevo volgare, La produzione del testo. Direttori Piero Boitani, Mario Mancini, Alberto Vàrvaro. Roma: Salerno Editrice, 2001. Pp. 722-734.
One glimpses here a 'Tuscan League of Poets'.

Kb.12. Le rime di Rustico di Filippo. A cura di Vincenzo Federici. Bergamo: Istituto italiano d'arti grafiche, 1899.

*Kb.13. Rustico Filippi. Sonetti. A cura di P.V. Mangaldo. Torino, 1971.

Kc. Adam de la Halle and Arras circle

Davidsohn, II.778, notes Rutebeuf reference to Charles as new Charlemagne, his Paladins as 'Rolandini'; III.97, horse given to 'Adam le ménestrel' from Arras; V.83, Charles using Florentines in Naples to transcribe Arabic works. Adam de la Halle accompanied Charles from Arras to Naples. Aucassin and Nicolete also composed in this Arras milieu.

Kd. Bono Giamboni e Fra Guidotto da Bologna

Testa (Da), p. 83, cites scholarship on Bono Giamboni. Segre (C.70), pp. 227-54, doubts that Bono Giamboni was translator of Tresor as Tesoro, noting, p. 311, that only one Tesoro MS, M (BbII.35) bears Bono Giamboni's name. See also BbIII, BgIII and the printed editions ascribed to Brunetto Latino, C.2, 4, 6, 12, 38, 42, 43, 58, and those ascribed to Bono Giamboni, C.26, 34, 44, 50. See Divizia (Jb.22) and website: http://culturitalia.uibk.ac.at/atlante/atlante/autori/Giamboni/giamboni.htm

*Kd.1. Bertoni, Giulio. 'Di una poeta francese in Italia alla corte di Carlo d'Angiò (Perrin d'Agincourt)'. Studi di filologia moderna 5:3-4 (1912).

Kd.2. Bono Giamboni. Il 'Libro de' vizî e delle virtudi' e il 'Trattato di virtù e di viziì'. A cura di Cesare Segre. Torino: Einaudi, 1968.
Again, Segre claims (p. xiv) Tesoro was not translated by Bono Giamboni, a section of which is a treatise on virtues and vices. G. Villani says BL wrote such a work. Segre notes that BL's and Bono Giamboni's similar material is didactic, civic, middle class. Giamboni did much to popularize Boethius. P. xxvii, on imitation of De planctu naturae.

Kd.5. °Divizia, Paolo. 'Ancora un compendio del Libro de’ Vizi e delle Virtudi di Bono Giamboni'. MR, 27:1 (2003), pp. 33-43.

Bono Giamboni was a Ghibelline Florentine judge and associate of BL, particularly during the Peace of Cardinal Latino. In the Florentine State Archives for Santa Maria Novella, 13 July 1272, we find adjacent documents involving the sale of property, one witnessed by BL, the other by Bono Giamboni (A.53). Their material is similar, causing the later confusion. As colleagues they could easily influence each other.

Fra Guidotto da Bologna is contemporary rhetorician whose work is often bound with BL's Rettorica. Both he and BL translate Cicero. See Wieruszowski (F), p. 371.

Kd.7. Il Fiore di rettorica di frate Guidotto da Bologna. A cura di Bartolomeo Gamba. Venezia: Alisopoli, 1821. Testi di lingua.

Ke. Taddeo di Alderotto

BL translated Hermann the German's translation of Aristotle's Ethics, made at Toledo in 1240-43 into French for the Tresor. For the Italian Tesoro he used Taddeo di Alderotto's Latin or Italian translation, made in 1243-44, of the Ethics instead, and he carefully calls attention to this in the manuscripts. The first version emanates from Spanish Islam; the second from Frederick II's Sicilian Renaissance, who gave it to the University of Bologna, his son Manfred giving it to the University of Paris. (Robert Grosseteste's translation of the Ethics was also thought to have been made made 1240-43. However, R.W. Southern, Jb38, believes it is later.) Taddeo's other writings are all in Latin. Carmody (B.63), p. xxviii, says that scholars incorrectly speak of Taddeo having made an Italian translation. Berlan (C.28), p. ix, notes that some people assume Taddeo translated the Ethica into the vernacular. BL's text contains an ambiguity: 'Explicit hetica aristotiles a magistro Taddeo in volgare traslactata', which can mean either than Taddeo translated it into the vernacular or that Taddeo's Latin text has now been translated by BL into the vernacular, a translation of a translation. See esp. G, H, Ja. Maria Corti's Dante a un nuova crocevia (Firenze: Sansoni, 1982), pp. 14, 23-24, discusses the Averroistic context of Bologna, including Taddeo di Alderotto (excellent), but did not relate this material to DA and Guido Cavalcanti through BL, while her posthumous book,  Scritti su Cavalcanti e Dante. La felicità mentale. Percorsi dell'invenzione e altri saggi (Torino: Einaudi, 2003), centres on that relationship (LaI1). My own conclusion, from MSS evidence, is that BL translated Taddeo's Latin into Italian because it was the official text (see Ke). See also Salviati (H).

Ke.1. 'Alderotto, Taddeo'. Enciclopedia dantesca (E), I, p. 112.
Thaddeus Florentinus, medical doctor, born 1223, educated in Greco-Arabic tradition of Salerno, translated Ethica, 1243/44, taught at Bologna from 1260, Pope's doctor, 127, died 1295. Contemporary of BL.

Ke.2. Corti, Maria, 'Dante e l'oltretomba islamica'. L'Alighieri 36 (1995), 11.
Cited, Venturi (Da), who notes Dante prefers Aristotle's Ethics in Hermann the German's translation to that by Roger Bacon. Corti notes that Columns of Hercules are only in Arabic and Spanish tradition, not Greek or Latin, discusses Libro della Scala MSS.

Ke.3. °de Vaux, Roland. 'La première entrée d'Averroës chez les latins'. Revue des Sciences philosophiques et théologiques 21 (1933), 193-245.
Discusses translations into Latin of Averroistic material. Not especially useful for BL studies as it does not study the translations of Aristotle's Ethics in detail.

Ke.4. Frati, Lodovico. 'L'etica di Aristotile volgarizzata da Taddeo di Alderotto'. GSLI 68 (1916), 192-95.
Discusses whether Taddeo or Bono Giamboni was responsible for the Italian translation. Notes Riccardian, Laurentian, Magliabechian MSS and one at Bologna University, 2593, copied by a Pisan in Florence. (Bondi Pisano, in prison in Florence, was scribe of Florence, Laur. 42.23, BbII.30).

Ke.5. Gentile, Sonia. 'Destini incrociati. Taddeo Alderotti docente allo studio bolognese et la letteratura volgare delle origine'. Bologna nel Medioevo, Atti del convegno, Bologna, 28-29 ottobre 2002. Quaderni di Filologia Romanza della Facoltà di Lettere dell'Universita di Bologna 17 (2004), 165-206.
Detailed account of MSS of Nicomachean Ethics (the Summa Alexandrinorum epitome), translated by Alderotti.

Ke.6. Gentili, Sonia. 'Il fondamento aristotelico del programma divulgativo dantesco ("Conv." I)'. Le culture di Dante: Studi in onore di Robert Hollander, Atti del quarto seminario dantesco internazionale, University of Notre Dame, USA, 25-27 settembre 2003. A cura di Michelangelo Picone, Theodore J. Cacher, Jr e Margherita Mesirca. Firenze: Franco Cesati Editore, 2004. Pp. 179.197.
Notes, pp. 194-5, that Taddeo di Alderotto dedicates translation to Corso Donati; states BL uses Taddeo in French Tresor, but discussants later, p. 209-210, note that the French MSS employ the Hermann the German translation instead.

*Ke.7. Gentile, Sonia. L'uomo aristotelico alle origini della letteratura italiana. Roma: Carocci, Università degli studi di Roma 'La Sapienza', 2005.
Esp. first chapter, 'La scuola di Taddeo Alderotti: divulgazione dell'Etica e etica della divulgazione', pp. 27-55. Cited, Divizia (.

Ke.8. Gutman, René. Dante, la médecine et la philosophie de son temps. Paris:  Deren, 1965.
Says  DA was at Bologna and knew Taddeo. Notes that Dante was member of guild of physicians and pharmacists (as was also Giotto). Taddeo in Par., BL, p. 11.

Ke.9. Jourdain, M. Recherches critiques sur l'âge et l'origine des traduction latines d'Aristote, et sur des commentaires grecs ou arabes employés par les docteurs scholastiques. Paris: Pantin, 1819.
A splendid, though early and disorganized (because of the premature death of the author) study of medieval Aristotle MSS. Especially useful for Liber ethicorum.

Ke.10. Nardi, Bruno. 'L'averroismo bolognese nel secolo XIII e Taddeo Alderotto'. Rivista di Storia della Filosofia 4 (1949), 11-22.
Notes that Frederick, though his Chancellor Pier delle Vigne, sent Aristotle in Latin to Bologna University, Manfred, in turn, sending it to the University of Paris. He assumes Taddeo translated Ethica into Italian, rather than into Latin. Notes that Averroism was being severely condemned at Paris and Oxford as heresy at the time Taddeo was teaching, and that Taddeo and Guido Cavalcanti were two Averroists who influenced DA.

Ke.11. Paitoni, Jacopo Maria. 'Ragguaglio del libro intitolato L'ethica di Aristotele ridotta in compendio da ser BL, e altre traduttioni'. Raccolta d'opuscoli scientifici e filologici 42 (Venezia: Occhi, 1750), pp. 187-235.
Discusses editions of Ethica; also Tesoro and Rettorica. Notes 'Ethyca Aristotelis traslata in vulgari a magistro Taddeo Florentino, in Riccardiano XXVII'. Interesting early essay on Ethica and Tesoro.

Ke.12. Pinto, Giuseppe. Taddeo di Firenze o la medicina in Bologna nel XIII secolo. Roma: R. Accademia dei Lincei, 1888.
Notes F. Villani wrote Taddeo's Vita; that Taddeo was Averroist and Galenist, and is mentioned in Conv. and Par.; and that Vat. Lat. 2418, Consilia medicina, was annotated by Francesco d'Accorso.

Ke.13. °Siraisi, Nancy. Taddeo Alderotti and his Pupils: Two Generations of Italian Medical Learning. Princeton: University Press, 1981.
See pp. 72-83 for overview of scholarship on BL and Ethica translation.

Manuscripts connected with Aristotle, Ethica, translations of interest:

Kf.4. Castets, Ferdinand. 'Il Fiore': Poème italien du XIIIe siècle, en CCXXXII sonnets imité du 'Roman de la Rose' par Durante. Montpellier: La Société pour l'Etude des Langues Romanes, 1881.
Dreams of Dante as author, 'ser Durante'. Dante is never called 'ser', though that title is BL's. BL did briefly visit Montpellier, according to Tesoretto, but this manuscript came there later.

Kf.7. Muner, Mario. 'La paternità brunettiana del Fiore e del Detto d'amore'. MDC 9 (1971), 274-320.
Response to Contini. Even stronger than Wiese (C.46) on Riccardian 2908 as BL's, stating that Contini/Pozzi's normalization obscure the connection.

Kf.8. Muner, Mario. 'Perché il Fiore non può essere di Dante (e a chi invece potrebbe attribuirsi)'. MDC 7 (1969), 88-103.
Response to Contini's assertion that Fiore is DA's. Very structuralist. Relates Fiore and Detto d'amore to each other lexically, and not both to DA. Notes metrical similarity of Tesoretto and Detto. Argues for BL's authorship, through reading Montpellier MS 'ser Durante' as 'ser Burnetto'. I disagree with this conclusion and with Contini's, while seeing these works clearly as products of BL's circle, and, in this case, most likely by Francesco da Barberino.