FLORIN
WEBSITE
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JULIA
BOLTON HOLLOWAY, AUREO ANELLO
ASSOCIATION,
1997-2010: FLORENCE'S 'ENGLISH'
CEMETERY
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AGRUSTIC
SOMNACUNI || ROMANY
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THE ROMANIAN ROMA RESTORERS

Florence's
Swiss-owned
so-called
'English'
Cemetery
has Orthodox as well as
Protestant burials. Amongst its Russian tombs in Sector D are the tombs
of two Romanian nobles, Joan Kantakezin, descended from the Emperor of
Constantinople, and Paul Ventura, a child, both of the slave-owning
aristocracy. These tombs were impossible to visit - until
Daniel-Claudiu Dumitresch built the terraced path by them. He also
identified these tombs for me as Romanian. At the beginning of that
path is that of Theodore Parker, the Unitarian who preached eloquently
against slavery. Frederick Douglass, the formerly illiterate ex-slave,
came from America and visited the tombs of Elizabeth Barrett Browning
and Theodore Parker to honour them for their work against slavery.
Elizabeth Barrett Browning's other heroine in Aurora Leigh, Marian Erle, is Roma.
Also buried in our Cemetery are Frances Trollope, who wrote the first
anti-slavery novel, and Richard Hildreth, who wrote the second
anti-slavery novel. Harriet Beecher Stowe copied both of them to create
her Uncle Tom's Cabin. The
Roma in Romania were the slaves of the nobles and the monasteries from
the Middle Ages until the nineteenth century, when Uncle Tom's Cabin was translated
into Romanian.
Our archives document these burials. Our library collects these books.
As were Black slaves in America, the Roma in Romania are kept in
illiteracy. They may not legally work unless they have a decent and
registered house and the diploma. Lacking work, they cannot afford the
materials for their roofs or the payment to the schools for heating and
books. They come to Florence, where again they may not work from
lacking a legal address, and beg in the streets annoying tourists and
citizens. They have no country, no army, no power. They came from
India a thousand years ago and speak an Aryan language. Their flag is
green for the earth, blue for the sky with a red wagon wheel. They are
no longer allowed their traditional caravans. But I have found that
they are skilled and excellent craftspeople, both women and men, as
blacksmiths, stonemasons, carpenters and gardeners. It will be possible
for them to restore the 'English' Cemetery, repairing and cleaning its
tombs under expert supervision, and planting and weeding its garden. To
teach literacy they are encouraged to explore the books in the
Mediatheca, like the intermediate technology shown in the engravings of
Diderot's Encylopedie, to
marble paper and to hand-bind books, and to use the computer.
Daniel-Claudiu Dumitrescu, who has the diploma, is currently writing
booklets in four languages, Romanes, Romanian, Italian and English,
with his drawings, on how to rebuild roofs, with drainage for storing
water and with solar panels for electricity, which are placed on the
website, http://www.ringofgold.eu.
Daniel
has
also
conserved
all the nineteenth-century cast and wrought
iron work in the Cemetery and built the shelving for the Cemetery's
Swiss archives, many of the library's bookshelves, and two wooden
rocking cradles, one for his own new-born daughter, the other for the
Cemetery's library, where it mirrors photographs on the walls of Roma
families, one of which shows such a rocking cradle with a child asleep
in it. I have said on Easter Day on Rai Uno (Italian national
television) that to bring Roma into a library is to bring them
into the world of the book, to give them literacy. In this library we
teach Roma how to sign their names, so they may become members of our
Aureo Anello Associazione, and the alphabet. With that membership it is
legal for them to work for us. We have formed a sister association in
Romania of which Daniel is President which is called Asociația
'Agrustic Somnacuni' (like 'Aureo Anello' meaning 'Golden Ring') and
whose mission is to preserve Roma families and the Romanes language
with mutual help in roof building with drainpipes and solar panels and
with schooling for adults as well as children.
These are the relevant essays on the Ring of Gold website:
Statut, Asociația
'Agrustic Somnacuni'
Rumeno
Alphabet
English
Literacy
English
Vocabulary, in
Romany,
Romanian, Italian
and English, with drawings by Daniel Dumitrescu Voice Recording of Romany Vocabulary by
Daniel
Dumitrescu, Vandana
Culea and JBH at Romany.mp3
Doctor Visit,
in
Romany,
Romanian,
Italian and English, with drawings by Daniel Dumitrescu
Charles Kemp, Baylor University Medical School Doctors and the Roma
English
Alleluia
italiano
Hedera's Family The Roma in Europe
English
Florence
and
Gypsies English
How to Raise a
Child English
Mother/Child English
I Rom e Firenze
italiano
Scapegoat
English/
italiano
Roma
Apprenticeship
English
Rom apprendistato In italiano
Caro Obama, ti
scrivo
Arabesquing
the
University,
Antwerp English
Arabescando l'università, Anversa
in italiano
Karen Graffeo Now Let Us Praise
the
Rom English
The Chuppa
English
How to Build Cradles and
Libraries
English
How to Make Romany
Boxes English
Daniel-Claudiu Dumitrescu How to Restore
Roma Roofs in Romania
Daniel-Claudiu Dumitrescu Panouri Solare/
Solar Panels Rumeno
Rose
Lloyds An
English Rose English
Elizabeth
Barrett Browning Aurora
Leigh in mp3 recordings. Go to http://www.florin.ms
for complete playlist. English
Frances Alexander The
Madonna and the Gypsy
English, italiano
Reader's Digest
on the 'From Graves to Cradles' Project English
A suggested model for literacy, but from Ethiopia: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7777560.stm
English
Marco Filipetti. Rom
e l'UE In italiano
Ex-Osmatex,
Osmannoro
External Links:
§ http://nigeldickinson.com/gallery/finlandroma
§ http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2000:180:0022:0026:IT:PDF
European Law against racial or ethnic discrimination in access to work,
training, medical care, housing. In italiano.
§ http://www.everyonegroup.com/it/EveryOne/MainPage/Entries/2008/5/26_Cara_Europa._Appello_di_Rebecca_Covaciu_contro_la_persecuzione_dei_Rom_in_Italia.html
Formerly, Baylor University § http://www3.baylor.edu/~Charles_Kemp/gypsy_health.htm
No longer at that web address but available at http://www.ringofgold.eu/charleskemp.html
The Patrin Website that used to be on Geocities is now at http://reocities.com/Paris/5121/
The Stories Exchange Project § http://www.stories-exchange.org
Funded by the World Bank, The Stories Exchange Project is an experiment
in generating global dialogue about the Romany experience and tensions
between the Roma and the white majority worldwide. Visitors to the site
are invited to comment on articles and discussions and to share their
own
stories. Available in English and Cesky, the site offers summaries of
workshop
discussions, text excerpts from dramatic performances, video clips of
the
film Stories Exchange Project, as well as poignant passages from
interviews
of project participants.
Keep Exploring Google,
both websites and images
Please send Julia Holloway further links to include here
Elizabeth Barrett Browning's other
heroine in Aurora Leigh,
Marian Erle, is Roma, who travels from England, to France, to Florence.
For the book see Elizabeth
Barrett
Browning,
Aurora Leigh and Other Poems (ISBN 0-14-043412-7)
from: http://www.penguinclassics.com
;

Their
royalties
can
purchase
books
and
materials
for
the
the
Mediatheca
'Fioretta
Mazzei'
and
can
help
Rom
families'
house-buying
and repairing. For further items, texts
and textiles, see Florin
and
Shop
.
Relevant Books in the
Mediatheca 'Fioretta Mazzei', Florence's 'English' Cemetery, where we
have
taught Roma parents to write their names so they will not lose their
children

Rom Studies:

Shelved, GIMEL:
Alla perifera del mondo: Il popolo dei rom e dei sinti
escluso
dalla
storia. Ed. Isabella D'Isola, Mauro Sullam, Guido Baldoni, Giulia
Baldini,
Gabriele Frassanito. Milano: Fondazione Roberto Franceschi, 2003. With
CD. Università di Firenze, 2003.
Isabel Fonseca. Bury Me Standing: The Gypsies and their
Journey.
New York: Random House, 1996. Father Matthew Naumes, 2001.
Gianni Berengo Gardin. La disperata allegria: Vivere da
zingari
a
Firenze. Firenze: Centro Di, 1994. Paola Cecchi, Firenze, 2003.
Jean-Pierre Liégeois. Gypsies: An Illustrated History.
Trans.
Tony
Berrett.
London:
Al
Saqi
Books,
1986.
Jane
and
Philip
Weller,
Hampshire,
2003.
Le strage nazifasciste a Firenze e Provincia: Trasmettere la
memoria.
Catalogo della mostra fotografica 27 gennaio-10 febbraio 2002, Gallera
Via Larga, Via Cavour, 7r, Firenze. Firenze: Amministracione
Provinciale
di Firenze, Istituto Storico della Resistenza in Toscana, 2002. Michele
Gesualdi, Firenze, 2003.
Romano Lil 4 (2001). Roma
William M. Sloane. The Balkans: A Laboratory of History.
New
York:
Eaton
and
Mains,
1914.
Syracuse
University,
Florence,
2005.
Antonio Tabucchi. Gli Zingari e il Rinascimento: Vivere da
Rom a
Firenze. Firenze: Feltrinelli, 1999. JBH
Portfolio on Hedera, etc.
Brian Vesey-Fitzgerald. Gypsies of Britain: An Introduction
to
their
History. London: Chapman and Hall, 1946. Jane and Philip Weller,
Hampshire,
2003.
Shelved, ALEPH:
Duncan Williamson. Fireside Tales of the Traveller
Children.
Twelve
Scottish Stories. Illustrated, Alan B. Herriot. New York: Harmony
Books,
1983. Arizona State University/Mesa Public Library, Tempe, 2004.
Our
Mediatheca in Florence will always welcome further materials
concerning
the Rom
And on the Victoria Discussion List the following suggestions
were
made
for leads for research:
The list of material about the Victorian Roma/Gypsies is long,
indeed,
but it's a rich and fascinating topic. If you want contemporary
accounts,
the second half of the century saw the advent of the
"Gypsyologists."
You might start with The Journal of the Gypsy Lore Society.
It
started
in
1888,
I
think.
You might also look at some of the individual C19 Gypsy
Scholars/Scholar
Gypsies like George Borrow (The Zincali [1841], Lavengro
[1851], and The Romany Rye [1857]), Richard Burton (The
Jew,
The Gypsy, and El Islam [1898]),
Francis Hindes Groome, Charles Godfrey Leland, et al.
For more recent examinations of the "Gypsy Problem" in the
century,
see David Mayall, Gypsy-Travellers in Nineteenth-Century Society
(Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1988) and Gypsy Identities,
1500-2000:
From Egipcyans and
Moon-men to the Ethnic Romany (London: Routledge, 2004); George
K. Behlmer, "The Gypsy Problem in Victorian England," Victorian
Studies
28 (1985): 231-53; Brian Vesey-Fitzgerald, Gypsies of
Britain:
An Introduction to
Their History (London: Chapman & Hall, 1944); Thomas Acton,
Gypsy
Politics and Social Change: The Development of Ethnic Ideology
and
Pressure Politics among British Gypsies from Victorian Reformism to
Romany
Nationalism
(Boston: Routledge & Paul, 1974).
The book-length studies are quite good and offer longer, more
nuanced
considerations, but if you want a shorter and quite informative
introduction
to the subject, the Behlmer article is a fine place to start.
The past 10-15 years have also seen a handful of doctoral
dissertations
on the subject, including those by Audrey Shields, Michelle Mancini,
Mary
Burke, and myself.
I don't think it's out yet, but Deborah Nord's Gypsies in
the
British
Imagination, 1807-1930, is listed as forthcoming this year from
Columbia
UP (I think), and based on an excerpt I heard her read at NAVSA, it
promises
to be intriguing.
Lance Wilder, Victoria List
And Gipsy Smith, His Life and Work (New York: Fleming
H.
Revell,
1901). was also suggested. While the discussion list went on to mention
Elizabeth Barrett Browning's Marian Erle in Aurora Leigh,
Robert
Browning's Pied Piper, George Eliot and Matthew Arnold.

©
Nigel Dickinson
Library
Webpages: Bibliography
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e
Bottega Fioretta Mazzei || Library
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Facsimile Publishing Houses || Manuscripts
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Library's E-Books, an Education on the Web: Julian
of Norwich, Showing of
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||
Birgitta
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Catherine of Siena, Orcherd of Syon
||
Jan van Ruusbroec, Sparking Stone
||
Julia Bolton
Holloway, Miriam
and Aaron: The Bible and Women In Progress ||
Divo
Barsotti, Women in the
Gospel: Contemplation, trans. Julia Bolton Holloway ||
Benedict's
Rule Latin
|| Divo Barsotti, Ascolta O Figlio ||
Gregory's
Dialogue
II Latin || Brunetto
Latino, Il Tesoretto, ed. Julia Bolton Holloway. Italian ||
Julia Bolton Holloway,
Sweet
New Style: Brunetto Latino, Dante Alighieri, Geoffrey Chaucer ||
Latin
with Laughter: Terence through Time, ed. Julia Bolton
Holloway, Latin/English
|| Aucassin
and Nicolete, ed. Julia Bolton Holloway. French/English || Equally
in God's Image: Women in the Middle Ages, ed. Julia Bolton
Holloway,
Joan Bechtold, Constance S. Wright
||
A
Benedictine Nun in Exile, Colections, ed. Julia Bolton
Holloway
||
Jarena
Lee || Elizabeth
Barrett Browning's Florence, ed. Julia Bolton Holloway In
Italian
and English || Augustus
J.C. Hare, Florence ||
Susan
and Joanna Horner, Walks
in Florence, transcribed, Carolyn Carpenter
||
Florence
in Sepia || Rose
Lloyds, An English Rose
||
RAI 1. Il Silenzio di Dio,
Isabella Schiavone, Easter Day, 2008.



All donations made to Aureo Anello on behalf of Agrustic Somnacuni
will benefit these Roma families participating in work/study in Florence.
Please specify 'Agrustic Somnacuni' in the description box. If you
are buying a copy of 'Romany Vocabulary' send an e-mail to Julia Holloway, giving her
your snail-mail address and she will post it to you. Or acquire a copy
from Karen Graffeo in
the States. Thanks.
AGRUSTIC
SOMNACUNI || ROMANY
|| CRADLE
|| LET US PRAISE THE ROM
|| CHUPPA || MEDIATHECA 'FIORETTA
MAZZEI'
|| 'ENGLISH'
CEMETERY
|| AUREO ANELLO ||